发帖
雷达卡
英文文献：Analysis Of Irrigation Development Post Fast Track Land Reform Programme. A Case Study Of Goromonzi District, Mashonaland East Province, Zimbabwe-灌溉发展后快速土地改革方案分析。以津巴布韦马绍那兰东部省Goromonzi区为例进行研究
英文文献作者：Nhundu, K.,Mushunje, Abbyssinia
英文文献摘要：
Irrigation development is a gateway to increased agricultural, water and land productivity, increased household and national food security. However, irrigation development has been a major challenge in many developing countries, including Zimbabwe. The launch of the Fast Track Land Reform Programme (FTLRP) in 2003 ushered in new unskilled cadres and this was followed by a reduction in area developed for irrigation from 200,000ha to approximately 120,000ha. This was due to thefts, dilapidation, and vandalism of irrigation infrastructure. The government made efforts to develop and bring back the 200,000ha into operational, but little has been achieved. To assess irrigation development post FTLRP, a case study was done in Goromonzi District. Using a Trend Analysis to assess the trend in irrigation funding, a downward trend was revealed. A Gross Margin Analysis, modeled via the Business Coefficient Expansion Factor (BCEF) to evaluate productivity and profitability of the irrigation enterprises showed that farmers performed below average and major irrigation crops were below the ideal BCEF threshold of 2.5, suggesting non-profitability of irrigation enterprises. An analysis on infrastructure revealed that most of it was partially or non-functional, hence farmers reduced area under irrigation. The study also revealed non-accessibility of training services by farmers. The study concluded that inadequate irrigation funding, low irrigation productivity, nonprofitability of irrigation enterprises, poor cost recovery mechanisms and lack of relevant training has led to low irrigation development. The study recommends that national governments should formulate and hold sound irrigation development strategies and encouraged to partner with public and private institutions in defining and implementing such comprehensive strategies for sustainable irrigation development.
灌溉发展是提高农业、水和土地生产率、提高家庭和国家粮食安全的一个途径。然而，在包括津巴布韦在内的许多发展中国家，灌溉发展一直是一个重大挑战。2003年启动的土地快速改革计划(FTLRP)引进了新的非技术干部，随后灌溉开发面积从20万公顷减少到大约12万公顷。这是由于偷窃，破损和破坏灌溉基础设施。政府曾努力开发并使这20万公顷土地投入使用，但收效甚微。为了评估农村灌溉发展，对Goromonzi区进行了案例研究。通过趋势分析对灌溉资金的趋势进行评估，发现灌溉资金呈下降趋势。通过商业扩张系数(BCEF)来评估灌溉企业的生产率和盈利能力的毛利率分析表明，农民的表现低于平均水平，主要灌溉作物低于理想的BCEF阈值2.5，表明灌溉企业不盈利。对基础设施的分析表明，大部分基础设施是部分或非功能性的，因此农民减少了灌溉面积。这项研究还揭示了农民无法获得培训服务。研究认为，灌溉资金不足、灌溉生产率低、灌溉企业无盈利能力、成本回收机制差以及相关培训缺乏是导致灌溉发展水平低下的主要原因。该研究建议，各国政府应制定和持有健全的灌溉发展战略，并鼓励与公共和私营机构合作，确定和执行这种促进可持续灌溉发展的综合战略。
京公网安备 11010802022788号
