[Stata] 如何添加直角坐标系及极坐标系及SDAS_绘图实例

1. //在图像中添加背景
   
2. 
   
3. //转化地址:  http://www.text-image.com/convert/ascii.html
   
4. //set width to 500  转化时特别注意的地方
   
5. // 下载后保存到当前工作路径（输入cd/pwd),本例命名为car ascii to text big.txt
   
6. 
   
7. 
   
8. set more off
   
9. infix str1 a1-a500 1-500 using "car ascii to text big.txt",  clear
   
10. 
    
11. //hexdump may be needed to look for unexpected characters
    
12. //hexdump "D:\StataMP\ado\personal\data\car ascii to text big.txt", tabulate
    
13. 
    
14. //scaling y axis picture data and reversing
    
15. generate y=90+((_N-_n+1)*1)
    
16. 
    
17. reshape long a, i(y) j(col)
    
18. 
    
19. //replacing characters with numbers
    
20. replace a="1" if a=="+"
    
21. replace a="2" if a=="-"
    
22. replace a="3" if a=="."
    
23. replace a="4" if a=="/"
    
24. replace a="5" if a==":"
    
25. replace a="6" if a=="-"
    
26. replace a="7" if a=="M"
    
27. replace a="8" if a=="N"
    
28. replace a="9" if a=="`"
    
29. replace a="10" if a=="d"
    
30. replace a="11" if a=="h"
    
31. replace a="12" if a=="m"
    
32. replace a="13" if a=="o"
    
33. replace a="14" if a=="s"
    
34. replace a="15" if a=="y"
    
35. 
    
36. //scaling x axis picture data
    
37. replace col=col/10
    
38. 
    
39. merge 1:1 _n using  "D:\StataMP\ado\base/a/auto.dta"  //<--------根据需要改变
    
40. 
    
41. local size="tiny"
    
42. 
    
43. twoway ///
    
44. (scatter y col if a=="1" ,msymbol(circle) ///
    
45. mcolor("0 0 0*.20") msize(`size') )       ///
    
46. (scatter y col if a=="2" ,msymbol(circle) ///
    
47. mcolor("255 255 255*.2") msize(`size'))   ///
    
48. (scatter y col if a=="3" ,msymbol(circle) ///
    
49. mcolor("255 0 0*.2") msize(`size') )      ///
    
50. (scatter y col if a=="4" ,msymbol(circle) ///
    
51. mcolor("0 0 255*.2") msize(`size') )      ///
    
52. (scatter y col if a=="5" ,msymbol(circle) ///
    
53. mcolor("0 0 255*.2") msize(`size') )      ///
    
54. (scatter y col if a=="6" ,msymbol(circle) ///
    
55. mcolor("255 255 0*.2") msize(`size') )    ///
    
56. (scatter y col if a=="7" ,msymbol(circle) ///
    
57. mcolor("0 255 255*.2") msize(`size') )    ///
    
58. (scatter y col if a=="8" ,msymbol(circle) ///
    
59. mcolor("255 0 255*.2") msize(`size') )    ///
    
60. (scatter y col if a=="9" ,msymbol(circle) ///
    
61. mcolor(white) msize(`size') )             ///
    
62. (scatter y col if a=="10",msymbol(circle) ///
    
63. mcolor(orange*.2) msize(`size') )         ///
    
64. (scatter y col if a=="11",msymbol(circle) ///
    
65. mcolor(brown*.2) msize(`size') )          ///
    
66. (scatter y col if a=="12",msymbol(circle) ///
    
67. mcolor(sand*.2) msize(`size') )           ///
    
68. (scatter y col if a=="13",msymbol(circle) ///
    
69. mcolor(black*.2) msize(`size') )          ///
    
70. (scatter y col if a=="14",msymbol(circle) ///
    
71. mcolor(black*.2) msize(`size') )          ///
    
72. (scatter y col if a=="15",msymbol(circle) ///
    
73. mcolor(black*.2) msize(`size') )          ///
    
74. (scatter  length mpg)                     ///
    
75. (lfit  length mpg)                        ///
    
76. ,yscale( range(100 250))                  ///
    
77. ytitle(Length ins.) xtitle(mpg)           ///
    
78. title(Mpg v Length) legend(off)
    
79. 
    
80. exit

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1. //透明图像叠加
   
2. //使用IrfanView - free image software
   
3. //http://www.irfanview.com/  <---------百度：irfanview最新官方版下载_百度软件中心
   
4. 
   
5. 
   
6. sysuse auto
   
7. histogram mpg if for==0, percent color(red) ///
   
8. xscale(range(10(5)45)) barwidth(3) yscale(range(0(10)60))  xtitle("") ytitle("")
   
9. 
   
10. graph export "a1.png", height(376)  width(506) replace
    
11. //此处做了修改，存放在当前工作路径
    
12. 
    
13. 
    
14. histogram mpg if for==1, percent color(blue) ///
    
15. xscale(range(10(5)45)) barwidth(3)  yscale(range(0(10)60)) xtitle("") ytitle("")
    
16. 
    
17. graph export "a2.png", height(376) width(506) replace
    
18. //此处做了修改，存放在当前工作路径
    
19. 
    
20. *输入cdout (ssc install cdout) 找到刚才两幅图像
    
21. //然后打开 Irfanview
    
22. //菜单栏Edit-->Insert overlay/watermark image----->select graph  eg. a2.png
    
23. //在"overlay transparency" 设定为80% 并且Start Comer选择center

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1. //tsline with confidence intervals - using margins
   
2. 
   
3. /*Requires: parmest
   
4. to download this program type the following on the Stata command
   
5. line (if not already loaded):*/
   
6. ssc install parmest
   
7. 
   
8. /*Requires: tsmktim
   
9. to download this program type the following on the Stata command
   
10. line (if not already loaded):*/
    
11. ssc install tsmktim
    
12. 
    
13. /*To run the example: copy the following into a do file and run*/
    
14. 
    
15. webuse grunfeld, clear
    
16. qui reg invest i.year i.company
    
17. margins i.year, post
    
18. // Roger Newson's parmest from SSC
    
19. parmest, saving(yeareff, replace)
    
20. use yeareff, clear
    
21. // Kit Baum's tsmktim from SSC
    
22. tsmktim year, start(1935)
    
23. tsline estimate || tsrline min95 max95, legend(col(1)) scheme(s2mono)

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1. //Labelling in terms of another variable Requires: labmask
   
2. //修改后--------->添加Y轴刻度
   
3. 
   
4. ssc install labutil --------->根据需要安装或者findit labmask
   
5. 
   
6. sysuse auto, clear
   
7. sort price
   
8. gen order = _n
   
9. labmask order, values(make)
   
10. 
    
11. 
    
12. twoway bar price order, horizontal  ///
    
13. ylabel(8 "Renault Le Car"  44 "VW Diesel" 71 "Linc.Versailles", angle(h)) ytitle("")

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1. sysuse gnp96, clear
   
2. #delimit ;
   
3. 
   
4. twoway area d.gnp96 date, xlabel(36(8)164, angle(90))
   
5.   ylabel(-100(50)200, angle(0))
   
6.   ytitle("Billions of 1996 Dollars")
   
7.   xtitle("")
   
8.   subtitle("Change in U.S. GNP", position(11))
   
9.   note("Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis")
   
10.   ;
    
11. #delimit cr

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1. sysuse lifeexp, clear
   
2. generate lgnppc = ln(gnppc)
   
3. label var lgnppc "ln GNP per capita"
   
4. #delimit ;
   
5. graph matrix popgr lgnp safe lexp,
   
6.   maxes(ylab(#4, grid) xlab(#4, grid))
   
7.   subtitle("Summary of 1998 life-expectancy data")
   
8.   note("Source:  The World Bank Group")
   
9.   ;
   
10. #delimit cr

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1. sysuse census, clear
   
2. gen drate = divorce / pop18p
   
3. label var drate "Divorce rate"
   
4. scatter drate medage [w=pop18p] if state!="Nevada", msymbol(Oh) ///
   
5.   note("State data excluding Nevada" ///
   
6.        "Area of symbol proportional to state's population aged 18+")

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1. sysuse sp500, clear
   
2. #delimit ;
   
3. twoway
   
4. line close date, yaxis(1)
   
5. ||
   
6. bar change date, yaxis(2)
   
7. ||
   
8. in 1/52,
   
9. ysca(axis(1) r(1000 1400)) ylab(1200(50)1400, axis(1))
   
10. ysca(axis(2) r(-50 300)) ylab(-50 0 50, axis(2))
    
11. ytick(-50(25)50, axis(2) grid)
    
12. legend(off)
    
13. title("S&P 500")
    
14. subtitle("January - March 2001")
    
15. note("Source:  Yahoo!Finance and Commodity Systems, Inc.")
    
16. yline(1150, axis(1) lstyle(foreground))
    
17. ;
    
18. #delimit cr

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1. //在图像中添加背景
   
2. 
   
3. //转化地址:  http://www.text-image.com/convert/ascii.html
   
4. //set width to 500  转化时特别注意的地方
   
5. // 下载后保存到当前工作路径（输入cd/pwd),本例命名为car ascii to text big.txt
   
6. 
   
7. 
   
8. set more off
   
9. infix str1 a1-a500 1-500 using "car ascii to text big1.txt",  clear
   
10. 
    
11. //hexdump may be needed to look for unexpected characters
    
12. //hexdump "D:\StataMP\ado\personal\data\car ascii to text big.txt", tabulate
    
13. 
    
14. //scaling y axis picture data and reversing
    
15. generate y=90+((_N-_n+1)*1)
    
16. 
    
17. reshape long a, i(y) j(col)
    
18. 
    
19. //replacing characters with numbers
    
20. replace a="1" if a=="+"
    
21. replace a="2" if a=="-"
    
22. replace a="3" if a=="."
    
23. replace a="4" if a=="/"
    
24. replace a="5" if a==":"
    
25. replace a="6" if a=="-"
    
26. replace a="7" if a=="M"
    
27. replace a="8" if a=="N"
    
28. replace a="9" if a=="`"
    
29. replace a="10" if a=="d"
    
30. replace a="11" if a=="h"
    
31. replace a="12" if a=="m"
    
32. replace a="13" if a=="o"
    
33. replace a="14" if a=="s"
    
34. replace a="15" if a=="y"
    
35. 
    
36. //scaling x axis picture data
    
37. replace col=col/10
    
38. 
    
39. merge 1:1 _n using  "D:\StataMP\ado\base/a/auto.dta"  //<--------根据需要改变
    
40. 
    
41. local size="tiny"
    
42. 
    
43. twoway ///
    
44. (scatter y col if a=="1" ,msymbol(circle) ///
    
45. mcolor("0 0 0*.20") msize(`size') )       ///
    
46. (scatter y col if a=="2" ,msymbol(circle) ///
    
47. mcolor("255 255 255*.2") msize(`size'))   ///
    
48. (scatter y col if a=="3" ,msymbol(circle) ///
    
49. mcolor("255 0 0*.2") msize(`size') )      ///
    
50. (scatter y col if a=="4" ,msymbol(circle) ///
    
51. mcolor("0 0 255*.2") msize(`size') )      ///
    
52. (scatter y col if a=="5" ,msymbol(circle) ///
    
53. mcolor("0 0 255*.2") msize(`size') )      ///
    
54. (scatter y col if a=="6" ,msymbol(circle) ///
    
55. mcolor("255 255 0*.2") msize(`size') )    ///
    
56. (scatter y col if a=="7" ,msymbol(circle) ///
    
57. mcolor("0 255 255*.2") msize(`size') )    ///
    
58. (scatter y col if a=="8" ,msymbol(circle) ///
    
59. mcolor("255 0 255*.2") msize(`size') )    ///
    
60. (scatter y col if a=="9" ,msymbol(circle) ///
    
61. mcolor(white) msize(`size') )             ///
    
62. (scatter y col if a=="10",msymbol(circle) ///
    
63. mcolor(orange*.2) msize(`size') )         ///
    
64. (scatter y col if a=="11",msymbol(circle) ///
    
65. mcolor(brown*.2) msize(`size') )          ///
    
66. (scatter y col if a=="12",msymbol(circle) ///
    
67. mcolor(sand*.2) msize(`size') )           ///
    
68. (scatter y col if a=="13",msymbol(circle) ///
    
69. mcolor(black*.2) msize(`size') )          ///
    
70. (scatter y col if a=="14",msymbol(circle) ///
    
71. mcolor(black*.2) msize(`size') )          ///
    
72. (scatter y col if a=="15",msymbol(circle) ///
    
73. mcolor(black*.2) msize(`size') )          ///
    
74. (scatter  length mpg)                     ///
    
75. (lfit  length mpg)                        ///
    
76. ,yscale( range(100 250))                  ///
    
77. ytitle(Length ins.) xtitle(mpg)           ///
    
78. title(Mpg v Length) legend(off)
    
79. 
    
80. exit

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1. // Adding a picture as background to a graph
   
2. 
   
3. //下载GIMP(与PS类似)
   
4. 
   
5. //修改1：删除set momeory 900m
   
6. //修改2：将图片宽度修改为200 (压低像素，仅作事例，待改进),保存为fastcar.html
   
7. //修改3：路径及数据修改
   
8. 
   
9. clear all
   
10. set more off
    
11. 
    
12. program hex
    
13. 
    
14.   syntax varname , Newv(name)
    
15. 
    
16.     generate `newv'=((strpos("`=c(alpha)'",`varlist')-1)/2)+10
    
17.     replace `newv'=real(`varlist') if `newv'==9.5
    
18. 
    
19. end
    
20. 
    
21. //values that can be changed
    
22. local divide=8     //sample size
    
23. 
    
24. insheet using "d:\StataMP\ado\personal\data\fastcar.html", clear  //------>根据需要改变
    
25. 
    
26. generate row=.
    
27. replace row=1 if strpos(v1,"<TR>")  
    
28. replace row=sum(row)
    
29. 
    
30. keep if strpos(v1, "<TD  BGCOLOR")   //------>此处进行了修改
    
31. 
    
32. 
    
33. split v1,p(#)
    
34. split v12,p(>)
    
35. keep row v121
    
36. 
    
37. generate obs=_n
    
38. 
    
39. bysort row (obs):gen col=_n
    
40. 
    
41. rename v121 hex
    
42. generate hex1=substr(hex,1,1)
    
43. generate hex1a=substr(hex,2,1)
    
44. 
    
45. generate hex2=substr(hex,3,1)
    
46. generate hex2a=substr(hex,4,1)
    
47. 
    
48. generate hex3=substr(hex,5,1)
    
49. generate hex3a=substr(hex,6,1)
    
50. 
    
51. hex hex1, newv(dec1)
    
52. hex hex1a, newv(dec1a)
    
53. 
    
54. hex hex2, newv(dec2)
    
55. hex hex2a, newv(dec2a)
    
56. 
    
57. hex hex3, newv(dec3)
    
58. hex hex3a, newv(dec3a)
    
59. 
    
60. generate dec1b=16*dec1+dec1a
    
61. generate dec2b=16*dec2+dec2a
    
62. generate dec3b=16*dec3+dec3a
    
63. 
    
64. keep dec1b dec2b dec3b row col
    
65. 
    
66. generate dec1c=floor(dec1b/`divide')*`divide'
    
67. generate dec2c=floor(dec2b/`divide')*`divide'
    
68. generate dec3c=floor(dec3b/`divide')*`divide'
    
69. 
    
70. gen str20 color=char(34)+string(dec1c,"%3.0f")+" "+string(dec2c,"%3.0f") ///
    
71. +" "+string(dec3c,"%3.0f")+char(34)
    
72. 
    
73. egen group_col=group(color)
    
74. 
    
75. compress
    
76. save pict_graph, replace
    
77. 
    
78. use pict_graph, clear
    
79. quiet summarize col
    
80. 
    
81. local size="*`=33/`r(max)''"     //marker size, can be adjusted
    
82. 
    
83. levelsof color, local(a)
    
84. 
    
85. merge 1:1 _n using  "d:\StataMP\ado\base\a\auto.dta"  //-------->根据需要改变
    
86. summarize length
    
87. 
    
88. gen y=90+(((_N-_n+1)-90))/(_N/r(max))
    
89. 
    
90. //scaling x axis picture data
    
91. replace col=col/9
    
92. 
    
93. local z=1
    
94. 
    
95. foreach i of local a {
    
96. 
    
97.   if `z'==1 {
    
98. local zz =  ///
    
99. `"(scatter y col if group_col==`z',msymbol(square) mcolor(`i') msize(`size'))"'
    
100. 
     
101.     local z=2
     
102.    }
     
103.       else {
     
104. local zz1 = ///
     
105. `"(scatter y col if group_col==`z' ,msymbol(square) mcolor(`i') msize(`size'))"'
     
106. 
     
107. local zz "`zz' `zz1'"
     
108. local ++z
     
109.       }
     
110. }
     
111. 
     
112. twoway `zz'                                      ///
     
113. (scatter  length mpg, mcolor(red) msize(large))  ///
     
114. (lfit  length mpg)                               ///
     
115. ,yscale( range(100 325))                         ///
     
116. ytitle(Length ins.) xtitle(mpg)                  ///
     
117. title(Mpg v Length) legend(off)

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待完善

第二次修改：

1. clear all
   
2. set more off
   
3. 
   
4. program hex
   
5. 
   
6.   syntax varname , Newv(name)
   
7. 
   
8.     generate `newv'=((strpos("`=c(alpha)'",`varlist')-1)/2)+10
   
9.     replace `newv'=real(`varlist') if `newv'==9.5
   
10. 
    
11. end
    
12. 
    
13. //values that can be changed
    
14. local divide=30     //sample size
    
15. 
    
16. insheet using "d:\StataMP\ado\personal\data\fastcar.html", clear  //------>根据需要改变
    
17. 
    
18. generate row=.
    
19. replace row=1 if strpos(v1,"<TR>")  
    
20. replace row=sum(row)
    
21. 
    
22. keep if strpos(v1, "<TD  BGCOLOR")   //------>此处进行了修改
    
23. 
    
24. 
    
25. split v1,p(#)
    
26. split v12,p(>)
    
27. keep row v121
    
28. 
    
29. generate obs=_n
    
30. 
    
31. bysort row (obs):gen col=_n
    
32. 
    
33. rename v121 hex
    
34. generate hex1=substr(hex,1,1)
    
35. generate hex1a=substr(hex,2,1)
    
36. 
    
37. generate hex2=substr(hex,3,1)
    
38. generate hex2a=substr(hex,4,1)
    
39. 
    
40. generate hex3=substr(hex,5,1)
    
41. generate hex3a=substr(hex,6,1)
    
42. 
    
43. hex hex1, newv(dec1)
    
44. hex hex1a, newv(dec1a)
    
45. 
    
46. hex hex2, newv(dec2)
    
47. hex hex2a, newv(dec2a)
    
48. 
    
49. hex hex3, newv(dec3)
    
50. hex hex3a, newv(dec3a)
    
51. 
    
52. generate dec1b=16*dec1+dec1a
    
53. generate dec2b=16*dec2+dec2a
    
54. generate dec3b=16*dec3+dec3a
    
55. 
    
56. keep dec1b dec2b dec3b row col
    
57. 
    
58. generate dec1c=floor(dec1b/`divide')*`divide'
    
59. generate dec2c=floor(dec2b/`divide')*`divide'
    
60. generate dec3c=floor(dec3b/`divide')*`divide'
    
61. 
    
62. gen str20 color=char(34)+string(dec1c,"%3.0f")+" "+string(dec2c,"%3.0f") ///
    
63. +" "+string(dec3c,"%3.0f")+char(34)
    
64. 
    
65. egen group_col=group(color)
    
66. 
    
67. compress
    
68. save pict_graph, replace
    
69. 
    
70. use pict_graph, clear
    
71. quiet summarize col
    
72. 
    
73. local size="*`=33/`r(max)''"     //marker size, can be adjusted
    
74. 
    
75. levelsof color, local(a)
    
76. 
    
77. merge 1:1 _n using  "d:\StataMP\ado\base\a\auto.dta"  //-------->根据需要改变
    
78. summarize length
    
79. 
    
80. gen y=90+(((_N-_n+1)-90))/(_N/r(max))
    
81. 
    
82. //scaling x axis picture data
    
83. replace col=col/9
    
84. 
    
85. local z=1
    
86. 
    
87. foreach i of local a {
    
88. 
    
89.   if `z'==1 {
    
90. local zz =  ///
    
91. `"(scatter y col if group_col==`z',msymbol(square) mcolor(`i') msize(`size'))"'
    
92. 
    
93.     local z=2
    
94.    }
    
95.       else {
    
96. local zz1 = ///
    
97. `"(scatter y col if group_col==`z' ,msymbol(square) mcolor(`i') msize(`size'))"'
    
98. 
    
99. local zz "`zz' `zz1'"
    
100. local ++z
     
101.       }
     
102. }
     
103. 
     
104. twoway `zz'                                      ///
     
105. (scatter  length mpg, mcolor(red) msize(large))  ///
     
106. (lfit  length mpg)                               ///
     
107. ,yscale( range(100 325))                         ///
     
108. ytitle(Length ins.) xtitle(mpg)                  ///
     
109. title(Mpg v Length) legend(off)

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重要之处在于local divided，而不是图片输出设置

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