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Reading 6 hours, totaling 74 hours.
Learning Investment Banking- Valuation, Leverage Buyout by Joshua:
(This section is mainly focus on the M&A activity in U.S because of the tax complex system in America)
There are two types of M&A-buy the whole company(stock sales) and buy asset from a firm including subsidiary. Equity sales is easy from tax perspective, since the seller will pay the capital gain tax as shareholders. If it is a cash deal, they will have to pay the tax immediately, but if it is a stock structure deal, then the shareholders will pay the tax when they sell the stocks they exchanged.
Asset sale is very complicated , because there are two types of tax needed to consider- Company level (most of company sell their asset with a premium compared with the book value, so they need to pay the capital gain as a company. If the company deliver these proceeds to the shareholders, then the shareholders has to pay the tax again as individuals. This is so called double tax.
How about the parent company sell a public subsidiary? Then no matter what structure (cash or full stock, asset sale or stock sell) the corporation will have to pay capital gain tax. But at this situation, the seller and the buyer could make consensus for an asset deal under 338(h)(10) which could save tax for buyer (write-up asset to the market) and the seller could achieve higher price because of the tax benefits the buyer received.
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