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英文文献：How Successful Are Government Interventions In Food Markets? Insights From The Philippine Rice Market-政府对食品市场的干预有多成功?从菲律宾大米市场的洞察
英文文献作者：Yao, Richard T.,Shively, Gerald E.,Masters, William J.
英文文献摘要：
We investigate the Philippine government's price stabilization policy for rice. Seemingly Unrelated Regressions are used to examine the effectiveness of the program at regional and national levels over a 21-year period (January 1983 to December 2003). Results of the regional analysis indicate some NFA-induced spatial and temporal differences in terms of producer prices. The NFA successfully increased producer prices in 5 of 13 regions through stock accumulation and paddy rice purchase at floor prices. NFA stock releases do not correlate strongly with retail prices at the national level, although results from the regional model indicate that NFA stock releases reduced retail prices in five regions, leading to perceptible spatial and temporal differences between regions. Although the NFA support price appears to have been moderately successful in increasing producer prices at a national level, on average, the support price led to an increase in consumer prices in ten regions and contributed little to price stabilization. Overall, therefore, our results indicate very limited success on the part of the NFA to achieve its major objectives at either regional or national level. We suggest the NFA should concentrate its resources in the poorest areas of the country, where it might exert greater and more useful influence in smaller and locally thin rice markets.
我们调查菲律宾政府的大米价格稳定政策。本研究采用看似不相关的回归分析来检验该计划在21年间(1983年1月至2003年12月)在地区和国家层面上的有效性。区域分析结果表明，nfa在生产价格方面存在一定的时空差异。NFA通过积累库存和以最低收购价收购水稻，成功地提高了13个地区中的5个地区的生产价格。尽管区域模型的结果表明，NFA库存的释放降低了五个地区的零售价格，导致了区域间可察觉的空间和时间差异，但在国家层面上，NFA库存释放与零售价格没有很强的相关性。虽然NFA的支持价格似乎在提高全国生产者价格方面取得了一定的成功，但平均而言，支持价格导致10个地区的消费者价格上涨，对价格稳定的贡献不大。因此，总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，无论是在区域层面还是在国家层面，NFA在实现其主要目标方面所取得的成就都非常有限。我们建议NFA应该将其资源集中在该国最贫穷的地区，这样它就可以在较小的、当地薄弱的大米市场发挥更大、更有用的影响。
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