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英文文献：Empirical Analysis of Price Setting and Quantity Surcharges in the German Food Sector-德国食品行业定价和数量附加费的实证分析
英文文献作者：Schmitz, Silke,Abdulai, Awudu
英文文献摘要：
This study examined the incidence and determinants of quantity price discounts and quantity price surcharges in the German food sector through a bivariate probit, using recent consumer scanner survey data. Selectivity bias was corrected for in estimating the degree of quantity price surcharge and quantity price discount, using Heckman's procedure. The findings reveal that almost 10% of the investigated products attract higher unit prices for larger package sizes, although the extent of price surcharges varied among product categories. The number of package sizes, the average package size, packaging form, storage form, as well as the price image of a product, were found to be significantly related to the probability and degree of quantity price surcharges and quantity price discounts.
本研究利用最近的消费者扫描器调查数据，通过双变量probit检验了德国食品部门数量价格折扣和数量价格附加费的发生率和决定因素。在估计数量价格附加和数量价格折扣程度时，采用Heckman的方法修正了选择性偏差。调查结果显示，近10%的被调查产品因包装尺寸较大而吸引较高的单价，尽管不同产品类别的价格附加费程度不同。产品的包装尺寸数量、平均包装尺寸、包装形式、储存形式以及价格形象与数量价格附加费和数量价格折扣的概率和程度显著相关。
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