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Sleep Apnea Is More Serious Than Many PeopleRealize 睡眠呼吸中止比许多人以为的严重
文/AustinFrakt
译/李京伦
One of the lighter moments along my journey toreceiving a sleep apnea diagnosis was learning that “heroic snoring” is aclinical term. It sounds more like an oddball super power — snores that can beclearly heard through walls. Many of us have such a snorer in our lives, andsome endure the disruption it causes nightly.
在我被诊断出有睡眠呼吸中止症的过程中，比较轻松的时刻之一，是得知「英雄式打鼾」是个临床术语。这个词听来更像一种古怪又极其巨大的力量，真正的意思是隔墙还能清楚听到的鼾声。我们之中许多人生活周遭有这样的打鼾者，有些人得夜夜忍受它带来的搅扰。
We hardly need research to appreciate thedifficulties this poses. Yet some studies on it have been done, and theydocument that snoring can lead to marital disruption, and that snorers’ bedpartners can experience insomnia, headaches and daytime fatigue.
我们几乎不需要研究就能了解这种鼾声造成的困难，不过，一些关于它的研究已经完成，这些研究记载了打鼾可能导致婚姻破裂，而且打鼾者的床伴可能会经历失眠头痛和日间疲劳。
But heroic (and less-than-heroic) snoring can alsobe a sign of an even deeper problem: obstructive sleep apnea, which is markedby a collapse of the upper airway leading to shallow breathing or breathingcessation that causes decreases in blood oxygen.
不过，英雄式（还有那些没那么英雄的）打鼾也可能是更深层问题的迹象：阻塞性睡眠呼吸中止，其特征是上呼吸道塌陷导致浅呼吸或呼吸中止，使得血氧降低。
Sleep apnea can be downright deadly, and not justfor those who have it. It’s associated with a greater risk of depression, heartattacks, strokes and other cardiovascular conditions, as well as insulinresistance.
睡眠呼吸中止完全可能致命，而且不限于患者本人。这种疾病与忧郁、心脏病发、中风和其他心血管疾病以及胰岛素抗性的风险增加有关。
As I learned, there’s no reason to meekly acceptsleep apnea: There are many treatment options that can control it.
就我所知，没有理由对睡眠呼吸中止逆来顺受，有许多治疗方式可以控制。
The stakes are not small. In the past five years,crashes involving an Amtrak train in South Carolina, a Long Island Rail Roadtrain, a New Jersey Transit train and a Metro-North train in the Bronx haveresulted in multiple deaths, hundreds of injuries and tens of millions ofdollars in property damage. Undiagnosed or untreated sleep apnea were blamed ineach case.
事关重大。过去五年，一列美国铁路公司列车在南卡罗来纳州，一列纽约长岛铁路列车，一列新泽西公共运输公司列车和一列「大都会北方铁路公司」列车在纽约市布朗克斯区的撞车事故，总共造成多人死亡，数百人受伤和数以千万美元计的财产损失，其中每一件意外都是未确诊或未治疗的睡眠呼吸中止造成的。
And these are far from the only sleep apnea-relatedaccidents involving trains, buses, tractor-trailers and automobiles. Up to 30percent of motor vehicle crashes are caused by sleepy drivers. Drivers withsleep apnea are nearly five times more likely to be involved in a motor vehicleaccident than other drivers. One study found that 20 percent of American truckdrivers admit to falling asleep at traffic lights.
而且这些远非跟睡眠呼吸中止有关且涉及列车、巴士、拖拉机和汽车的仅有的几起意外。机动车辆碰撞事故高达30％为驾驶人困倦所致。患有睡眠呼吸中止症的驾驶人发生机动车辆事故的可能性几达其他驾驶人的五倍。研究显示，20％的美国卡车司机承认曾在等红灯时睡着。
You can have sleep apnea without being a loudsnorer, just as you can snore without having sleep apnea. But because they’rerelated, what controls sleep apnea also controls snoring. A variety of machinesand devices, even surgery for extreme cases, can address both conditions.
你可以在没有大声打鼾的情况下睡眠呼吸中止，就像你可以在没有睡眠呼吸中止的情况下打鼾一样，但由于两者相关，能控制睡眠呼吸中止的也能控制打鼾。各种机器和设备，甚至是针对极端案例的手术，都可以处理这两种健康问题。
But relative to the population that snores (about40 percent of adults) or that has sleep apnea (about 25 percent of adults), feware diagnosed or get treatment. One study, for example, found that 90 percentof people with sleep apnea aren’t diagnosed.
但跟打鼾人口（约40％的成人）或罹患睡眠呼吸中止症的人口（约25％的成人）相比，被确诊或接受治疗的人为数稀少，举例而言，有一项研究显示，90％的睡眠呼吸中止患者未获确诊。
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