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大家好,在学经济数学,但都是英文的不太理解,谁能帮忙用中文解一下下面几道题,再加点大概意思。 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Let G be a group of people. Assume that for every person A in G,there is a person B in G such that A knows a friend of B.
Is it true that for every person B in G, there is aperson A in G such that B knows a friend of A? Explain. 2. The symmetric difference operator △ on set A and B is defined as A△B = (A\B)∪(B\A); which defines theset of all elements that belong to exactly either A or B. (a) Show that if A = B, then A△B =Ø (b) Show thefollowing properties are held (i) A△B = B△A (commutative) (ii) (A△B) △C = A△(B△C) (associative) (iii) A△; Ø= A 3. An operation α on a set A is defined to be afunction of the Cartesian product A × A into A, i.e., α: A × A ⇒ A Let α: N × N ⇒ N be the operation of least common multiple(l.c.m.). That is, α (a, b) ≡ a · b = l.c.m. of a and b. (a) Is α commutative? (b) Is α associative? (c) Find theidentity element of α.
(d) Which elementin N, if any, have inverses and what are they?
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