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雷达卡
英文文献：Cost and benefits of using best management practices to control non-point sources of pollution under environmental and economic uncertainty-在环境和经济不确定的情况下，采用最佳管理方法控制非点源污染的成本和效益
英文文献作者：Rodriguez, Hector German,Popp, Jennie S. Hughes,Gbur, Edward E.,Chaubey, Indrajeet
英文文献摘要：
The economy of northwest Arkansas, including the Lincoln Lake watershed (a sub-watershed of the Illinois River), relies greatly upon livestock and poultry production. The supply of production by-products is increasingly under scrutiny as one of the potential sources of water pollution in the region. In light of the recent economic crisis, methodologies that help producers to evaluate the environmental and economic impacts of several practices before implementing them may be a cost-effective means of increasing BMP adoption. This study uses stochastic dominance techniques to evaluate, environmentally and economically, ten best management practices (BMPs) combinations to lessen water pollution in the Lincoln Lake watershed. All BMP combinations analyzed were effective in reducing total phosphorous (TP) losses. However, six combinations also decreased net returns (NR) when compared to a baseline. This suggests that including BMPs in the bermudagrass production systems may lead to increased NR risk. Without additional incentives, producers will not likely implement these BMP combinations regardless of their TP reduction benefits. Although, as expected, rankings of BMP combinations in terms of TP or NR differed from each other, four scenarios established that environmental and economic goals are not necessarily conflicting; they may be complementary. Additionally, this analysis revealed that producers’ risk preferences did not matter when selecting among the top-four BMP combinations but it could be a factor for other less preferred scenarios.
阿肯色州西北部的经济，包括林肯湖流域(伊利诺斯河的一个次级流域)，在很大程度上依赖于牲畜和家禽的生产。生产副产品的供应日益受到审查，成为该地区水污染的潜在来源之一。鉴于最近的经济危机，帮助生产者在实施若干做法之前评估其环境和经济影响的方法可能是增加最佳管理方法采用的成本效益高的方法。本研究采用随机优势技术，从环境和经济角度评价10种最佳管理方法(BMPs)组合，以减少林肯湖流域的水污染。所分析的BMP组合均能有效降低总磷的损失。然而，与基线相比，6种组合的净收益也有所下降。这表明在百慕大草生产系统中加入BMPs可能会增加NR的风险。如果没有额外的激励措施，生产者不太可能执行这些最佳管理模式组合，而不管它们的TP减少效益如何。虽然正如预期的那样，BMP组合在TP和NR方面的排名有所不同，但四种情景确定了环境目标和经济目标不一定相互冲突;它们可能是互补的。此外，该分析显示，在选择四大BMP组合时，生产者的风险偏好并不重要，但它可能是其他不太受欢迎的场景的一个因素。
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