|
PART III Other Statistical Process-Monitoring and Control Techniques
CHAPTER 8 Cumulative Sum and Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Control Charts
Chapter Overview and Learning Objectives
8-1 The Cumulative Sum Control Chart
8-1.1 Basic Principles: The Cusum Control Chart for Monitoring the Process Mean
8-1.2 The Tabular or Algorithmic Cusum for Monitoring the Process Mean
8-1.3 Recommendations for Cusum Design
8-1.4 The Standardized Cusum
8-1.5 Improving Cusum Responsiveness for Large Shifts
8-1.6 The Fast Initial Response or Headstart Feature
8-1.7 One-Sided cusums
8-1.8 A Cusum for Monitoring Process Variability
8-1.9 Rational Subgroups
8-1.10 Cusums for Other Sample Statistics
8-1.11 The V-Mask Procedure
8-2 The Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Control Chart
8-2.1 The Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Control Chart for Monitoring the Process Mean
8-2.2 Design of an EWMA Control Chart
8-2.3 Robustness of the EWMA to Nonnormality
8-2.4 Rational Subgroups
8-2.5 Extensions of the EWMA
8-3 The Moving Average Control Chart
CHAPTER 9 Other Univariate Statistical Process Monitoring and Control Techniques
Chapter Overview and Learning Objectives
9-1 Statistical Process Control for Short Production Runs
9-1.1 xbar and R Charts for Short Production Runs
9-1.2 Attributes Control Charts for Short Production Runs
9-1.3 Other Methods
9-2 Modified and Acceptance Control Charts
9-2.1 Modified Control Limits for the xbar Chart
9-2.2 Acceptance Control Charts
9-3 Control Charts for Multiple-Stream Processes
9-3.1 Multiple-Stream Processes
9-3.2 Group Control Charts
9-3.3 Other Approaches
9-4 SPC With Autocorrelated Process Data
9-4.1 Sources and Effects of Autocorrelation in Process Data
9-4.2 Model-Based Approaches
9-4.3 A Model-Free Approach
9-5 Adaptive Sampling Procedures
9-6 Economic Design of Control Charts
9-6.1 Designing a Control Chart
9-6.2 Process Characteristics
9-6.3 Cost Parameters
9-6.4 Early Work and Semieconomic Designs
9-6.5 An Economic Model of the xbar Control Chart
9-6.6 Other Work
9-7 Cuscore Charts
9-8 The Changepoint Model for Process Monitoring
9-9 Overview of Other Procedures
9-9.1 Tool Wear
9-9.2 Control Charts Based on Other Sample Statistics
9-9.3 Fill Control Problems
9-9.4 Precontrol
9-9.5 Tolerance Interval Control Charts
9-9.6 Monitoring Processes with Censored Data
9-9.7 Nonparametric Control Charts
CHAPTER 10 Multivariate Process Monitoring and Control
Chapter Overview and Learning Objectives
10-1 The Multivariate Quality-Control Problem
10-2 Description of Multivariate Data
10-2.1 The Multivariate Normal Distribution
10-2.2 The Sample Mean Vector and Covariance Matrix
10-3 The Hotelling T-squre Control Chart
10-3.1 Subgrouped Data
10-3.2 Individual Observations
10-4 The Multivariate EWMA Control Chart
10-5 Regression Adjustment
10-6 Control Charts for Monitoring Variability
10-7 Latent Structure Methods
10-7.1 Principal Components
10-7.2 Partial Least Squares
10-8 Profile Monitoring
CHAPTER 11 Engineering Process Control and SPC
Chapter Overview and Learning Objectives
11-1 Process Monitoring and Process Regulation
11-2 Process Control by Feedback Adjustment
11-2.1 A Simple Adjustment Scheme: Integral Control
11-2.2 The Adjustment Chart
11-2.3 Variations of the Adjustment Chart
11-2.4 Other Types of Feedback Controllers
11-3 Combining SPC and EPC
PART IV Process Design and Improvement with Designed Experiments
CHAPTER 12 Fractorial and Fractional Fractorial Experiments for Process Design and Improvement
Chapter Overview and Learning Objectives
12-1 What is Experimental Design
12-2 Examples of Designed Experiments In Process Improvement
12-3 Guidelines for Designing Experiments
12-4 Factorial Experiments
12-4.1 An Example
12-4.2 Statistical Analysis
12-4.3 Residual Analysis
12-5 The 2^k Factorial Design
12-5.1 The 2^2 Design
12-5.2 The 2^k Design for k>=3 Factors
12-5.3 A Single Replicate of the 2^k Design
12-5.4 Addition of Center Points to the 2^k Design
12-5.5 Blocking and Confounding in the 2^k Design
12-6 Fractional Replication of the 2^k Design
12-6.1 The One-Half Fraction of the 2^k Design
12-6.2 Smaller Fractions: The 2^(k-p) Fractional Factorial Design
CHAPTER 13 Process Optimization with Designed Experiments
13-1 Response Surface Methods and Designs
13-1.1 The Method of Steepest Ascent
13-1.2 Analysis of a Second-Order Response Surface
13-2 Process Robustness Studies
13-2.1 Background
13-2.2 The Response Surface Approach to Process Robustness Studies
13-3 Evolutionary Operation
PART V Acceptance Sampling
CHAPTER 14 Lot-by-Lot Acceptance Sampling for Attributes
Chapter Overview and Learning Objectives
14-1 The Acceptance-Sampling Problem
14-1.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Sampling
14-1.2 Types of Sampling Plans
14-1.3 Lot Formation
14-1.4 Random Sampling
14-1.5 Guidelines for Using Acceptance Sampling
14-2 Single-Sampling Plans for Attributes
14-2.1 Definition of a Single-Sampling Plan
14-2.2 The OC Curve
14-2.3 Designing a Single-Sampling Plan with a Specified OC Curve
14-2.4 Rectifying Inspection
14-3 Double, Multiple, and Sequential Sampling
14-3.1 Double-Sampling Plans
14-3.2 Multiple-Sampling Plans
14-3.3 sequential-Sampling Plans
14-4 Military Standard 105E (ANSI/ASQC Z1.4, ISO2859)
14-4.1 Description of the Standard
14-4.2 Procedure
14-4.3 Discussion
14-5 The Dodge-Romig Sampling Plans
14-5.1 AOQL Plans
14-5.2 LTPD Plans
14-5.3 Estimation of Process Average
CHAPTER 15 Other Cacceptance-Sampling Techniques
15-1 Acceptance Samplling by Variables
15-1.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Variables Sampling
15-1.2 Types of Sampling Plans Available
15-1.3 Caution in the Use of Variables Sampling
15-2 Designing a Variables Sampling Plan with a Specified OC Curve
15-3 MIL STD 414 (ANSI/ASQC Z1.9)
15-3.1 General Description of the Standard
15-3.2 Use of the Tables
15-3.3 Discussion of MIL STD 414 and ANSI/ASQC Z1.9
15-4 Other Variabls Sampling Procedures
15-4.1 Sampling by Variables to Give Assurance Regarding the Lot or Process Mean
15-4.2 Sequential Sampling by Variables
15-5 Chain Sampling
15-6 Continuous Sampling
15-6.1 CSP-1
15-6.2 Other Continuous Sampling Plans
15-7 Skip-Lot Sampling Plans
Appendix
I. Summary of Common Probability Distributions Often Used in Statistical Quality Control
II. Cumulative Standard Normal Distribution
III. Percentage Points of the Chi-squre Distribution
IV. Percentage Points of the t Distribution
V. Percentage Points of the F Distribution
VI. Factors for Constructing Variables Control
VII. Factors for Two-Sided Normal Tolerance Limits
VIII. Factors for One-Sided Nomral Tolerance Limits
Bibliography
Answers to Selected Exercises
Index
|