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英文文献：The FDA Food Safety and Modernization Act and the Exemption for Small Firms-食品和药物管理局食品安全和现代化法案以及对小公司的豁免
英文文献作者：Pouliot, Sebastien
英文文献摘要：
The FDA Food Safety Modernization Act of 2010 is new legislation that mandates, among other things, new food safety standards. The act includes a clause that exempts small firms from new regulatory requirements. This paper investigates the effects of a small firm exemption from more stringent food safety standards. The model compares food safety, total output and the number of market participants for different food safety regulation with and without an exemption for small firms. The numerical examples show that a more stringent food safety regulation increases food safety, increases the price of food, decreases the total output and decreases the number of firms. A new food safety standard with an exemption for small firms increases the average food safety but not as much as with a new standard alone. An exemption for small firms causes the total number of firms to increase.
《2010年食品药品管理局食品安全现代化法案》是一项新的立法，要求制定新的食品安全标准。该法案包括一项条款，使小企业免受新的监管要求。本文调查了一个小公司免除更严格的食品安全标准的影响。该模型比较了不同的食品安全监管对小企业有无豁免情况下的食品安全、总产出和市场参与者数量。数值例子表明，更严格的食品安全监管会增加食品安全，提高食品价格，减少总产出，减少企业数量。一项对小公司豁免的新食品安全标准提高了平均食品安全，但没有单独采用新标准的效果那么好。对小企业的豁免导致了企业总数的增加。
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