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英文文献：Enhanced Data and Methods for Estimating Access to Affordable and Nutritious Food for Population Characteristics-加强数据和方法，以估计根据人口特点获得负担得起和有营养的粮食的机会
英文文献作者：Ver Ploeg, Michele,Dutko, Paula,Snyder, Samantha D.,Kaufman, Phillip R.,Breneman, Vincent E.,Williams, Ryan Blake,Dicken, Chris
英文文献摘要：
Efforts to encourage Americans to improve their diets and to eat more nutritious foods presume a wide variety of these foods are accessible to everyone. But for some Americans and in some communities, access to healthy foods may be limited. Policies to improve access to healthful foods have been implemented at Federal, state and local levels of government. Past research has focused on ways to determine whether and what portions of the population experience limited access to healthful food, but very few studies have attempted to estimate food access for the entire nation. This paper describes refined methods for measuring food access on a national level and for specific population characteristics. It also provides updated estimates of the number of people in the U.S. with limited access to healthy and affordable food. Population data from the 2010 Decennial Census, income and vehicle access data from 2006-2010 American Community Survey, and a 2010 composite list of supermarkets were used. Distance to the nearest supermarket has not changed greatly for the population since 2006. New estimates also show that half of the U.S. population lives within 2 miles of three supermarkets, with a median distance to the third nearest supermarket of 1.9 miles.
鼓励美国人改善他们的饮食和吃更有营养的食物的努力假定这些食物的种类是每个人都可以获得的。但对一些美国人和一些社区来说，获得健康食品的途径可能是有限的。联邦、州和地方各级政府已经实施了改善健康食品获取的政策。过去的研究集中在如何确定健康食品的获取是否受到限制以及哪些部分的人口受到限制，但很少有研究试图估算整个国家的食品获取情况。本文描述了在国家层面和针对特定人口特征测量食物获取的精炼方法。该报告还提供了最新的估计数字，即在美国无法获得健康和负担得起的食品的人数。使用了2010年十年一次人口普查的人口数据，2006-2010年美国社区调查的收入和车辆使用数据，以及2010年超市综合清单。离最近的超市的距离自2006年以来并没有太大的变化。新的估计还显示，有一半的美国人住在三家超市2英里以内，离最近的第三家超市的距离中值为1.9英里。
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