From Local to Global Competitors on the Beer Market-从本地到全球的竞争对手在啤酒市场

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英文文献：From Local to Global Competitors on the Beer Market-从本地到全球的竞争对手在啤酒市场
英文文献作者：Erik Str?jer Madsen
英文文献摘要：
Liberalization of trade has been high on the political agenda after the Second World War. First through the international corporation in GATT and WTO and later the creation of the internal market in Western Europe and the opening up of Eastern Europe and China. The breweries respond to these changes in institution by a global M&A strategy and the following concentration of ownership among breweries increased the large breweries’ global market share dramatically. Why does this concentration in ownership take place, and was there some pay off to the breweries of this strategy? We will examine the market power hypothesis, how the increasing concentration has affected the growth of global brands and the beer prices. First, we examine where the increasing global concentration is reflected in a concentration of ownership in local markets. Next, we examine the effects of ownership concentration on the level of beer prices. Finally, we examine the effects of the global ownership on the market share of the global beer brand.

第二次世界大战后，贸易自由化一直是政治议程上的重要议题。首先是关贸总协定和世界贸易组织的国际合作，后来是西欧内部市场的建立和东欧和中国的开放。啤酒厂通过全球并购战略来应对这些制度上的变化，随后啤酒厂所有权的集中大大增加了大型啤酒厂的全球市场份额。为什么会出现这种所有权集中，这种策略会给啤酒厂带来一些回报吗?我们将检验市场力量假说，日益增加的集中度如何影响全球品牌的增长和啤酒价格。首先，我们考察了在哪些地方，日益增长的全球集中度以当地市场所有权的集中反映出来。接下来，我们考察了所有权集中对啤酒价格水平的影响。最后，我们考察了全球所有权对全球啤酒品牌的市场份额的影响。

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