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摘要：
由于移民的位置选择的内生性，未观察到的当地相关因素和反映问题，估计民族资本对人力资本投资决策的影响变得复杂。我们利用德国罕见的移民安置政策的制度设置，该政策在整个地区产生了准随机分配，并确定了异族资本对儿童教育成果的因果关系。纠正内生的地理位置选择和相关的不可观察因素，我们发现低学历父母的孩子会从同族高学历父母的同伴中受益匪浅。来自其他种族的受过高等教育的父母同伴不会影响孩子的学习成绩。由于我们研究的是父母同伴的人力资本的影响，而这种影响是针对孩子的结局预先确定的，因此我们的估计不太可能与反思问题混淆。我们的研究结果进一步表明，父母抱负的增加是驱动异族种族资本效应的可能机制，这表明对同伴或种族榜样进行分析对于移民融合政策可能很重要。
Beyond the Average: Ethnic Capital Heterogeneity and Intergenerational Transmission of Education
AbstractEstimating the effect of ethnic capital on human capital investment decisions is complicated by the endogeneity of immigrants’ location choice, unobserved local correlates and the reflection problem. We exploit the institutional setting of a rare immigrant settlement policy in Germany, that generates quasi-random assignment across regions, and identify the causal impact of heterogeneous ethnic capital on educational outcomes of children. Correcting for endogenous location choice and correlated unobservables, we find that children of low-educated parents benefit significantly from the presence of high-educated parental peers of the same ethnicity. High educated parental peers from other ethnicities do not influence children’s learning achievements. Our estimates are unlikely to be confounded by the reflection problem since we study the effects of parental peers’ human capital which is pre-determined with respect to children’s outcomes. Our findings further suggest an increase in parental aspirations as a possible mechanism driving the heterogeneous ethnic capital effects, implying that profiling peers or ethnic role models could be important for migrant integration policies.
超越平均水平：种族资本异质性与教育的代际传播.pdf
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