健康与经济增长:协调微观和宏观证据
HEALTH AND ECONOMIC GROWTH:RECONCILING THE MICRO AND MACRO EVIDENCE
作者:
大卫·布鲁姆(David E. Bloom)
大卫·坎宁(David Canning)
雷纳·科茨奇(Rainer Kotschy)
克劳斯·普雷特纳(Klaus Prettner)
约翰尼斯·舒纳曼(JohannesJ.Schünemann)
Economists use micro-based and macro-based approaches to assess the effects of health oneconomic growth. The micro-based approach tends to find smaller effects than the macro-basedapproach, thus presenting a micro-macro puzzle regarding the economic return on health. Wereconcile these two strands of literature by showing that the point estimate of the macroeconomiceffect of health is quantitatively close to that found by aggregating the microeconomic effects,when carefully specifying the estimation equations and controlling for spillovers of health at theaggregate level. Our results justify using the micro-based approach to estimate the directeconomic benefits of health interventions.
经济学家使用基于微观和宏观的方法来评估健康对经济增长的影响。与基于宏观的方法相比,基于微观的方法趋向于发现较小的影响,因此提出了有关健康经济回报的微观宏观难题。通过仔细地指定估算方程并在总体水平上控制健康的溢出,我们显示出对健康的宏观经济影响的点估计在数量上接近于通过汇总微观经济影响所发现的点,从而使这两条文献相互协调。我们的结果证明使用基于微观的方法来估算卫生干预措施的直接经济效益是合理的。


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