LIMIT PRICING AND ENTRY UNDER INCOMPLETE INFORMATION: AN EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS |
|||||||
文献名称 | LIMIT PRICING AND ENTRY UNDER INCOMPLETE INFORMATION: AN EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS | ||||||
文献作者 | PAUL MILGROM AND JOHN ROBERTS | ||||||
作者所在单位 | Northwestern University ;Stanford University | ||||||
文献分类 | 已发表文献 | ||||||
学科一级分类 | 管理 | ||||||
学科二级分类 | 管理学 | ||||||
文献摘要 |
Limit pricing involves charging prices below the monopoly price to make new entry appear unattractive. If the entrant is a rational decision maker with complete information, pre-entry prices will not influence its entry decision, so the established firm has no incentive to practice limit pricing. However, if the established firm has private, payoff relevant information (e.g., about costs), then prices can signal that information, so limit pricing can arise in equilibrium. The probability that entry actually occurs in such an equilibrium, however, can be lower, the same, or even higher than in a regime of complete information (where no limit pricing would occur). |
||||||
参考文献 |
[1] BAIN, J.: "A Note on Pricing in Monopoly and Oligopoly," American Economic Review, 39(1949), 448 464. [2] CLARK, J. M.: "Toward a Concept of Workable Competition," American Economic Review, 30(1940), 241-256. [3] FRIIDMAN, J.: "On Entry Preventing Behavior," in Applied Game Theory, ed. by S. J. Brams, A. Schotter, and G. Schwodiauer. Wurzburg, Vienna: Physica-Verlag, 1979, pp. 236-253. [4] GA1.-OR, E.: "Limit Price Entry Prevention and its Impact on Potential Investors A Game- Theoretic Approach," Ph.D. Dissertation, Northwestern University, 1980. [51 GASKINS, D.: "Dynamic Limit Pricing: Optimal Pricing Under Threat of Entry," Journal of Economic Theory, 2(1971), 306-322. [6] I IARSANY!, J. C.: "Games with Incomplete Information Played by 'Bayesian' Players," Parts 1, 11 and III, Management Science, 14 (November, 1967: January, 1968: and March, 1968). 159-182, 320-324, and 486-502. [71 KALDOR, N.: "Market Imperfection and Excess Capacity," Economica, 2(1935), 33-50. [8] KAMIEN, M. I., AND N. SCHWARTZ: "Limit Pricing and Uncertain Entry," Econometrica, 39(1971), 441-454. [91 KRIPS, D., AND R. WILSON: "On the Chain-Store Paradox and Predation: Reputation for Toughness," Discussion Paper 551, Graduate School of Business, Stanford University, 1980. [10] : "Sequential Equilibria," Discussion Paper 584, Graduate School of Business, Stanford University, 1980. [11] Mtt.CROS, P., AND J. ROBERTS: "Equilibrium Limit Pricing Doesn't Limit Entry," Discussion Paper 399R, Center for Mathematical Studies in Economics and Management Science, Northwestern University, 1980. [12] - - : "Predation, Reputation, and Entry Deterrence," Discussion Paper 427, Center for Mathematical Studies in Economics and Management Science, Northwestern University, 1980. [13] MILOROM, P., AND R. WEBER: "Distributional Strategies for Games with Incomplete Informa- tion," Discussion Paper 428, Center for Mathematical Studies in Economics and Management Science, Northwestern University, 1980. [14] MYERSON, R.: "Refinements of the Nash Equilibrium Concept," International Journal of Game Theory, 7(1978), 73-80. [151 ORTEG,A-REICHERT, A.: "Models for Competitive Bidding Under Uncertainty," Ph.D. disserta- tion, Stanford University, 1968. [16] PYATT, G.: "Profit Maximization and the Threat of New Entry," Economic Journal, 81(1971). 242-255. [17] SALOP, S. C.: "Strategic Entry Deterrence," American Economic Review, 69(1979), 335-338. [18] SCHERER, F. M.: Industrial Market Structure and Economic Performance, Second Edition. Chicago: Rand McNally and Company, 1979. [19] SELTEN, R.: "Reexamination of the Perfectness Concept for Equilibrium Points in Extensive Games," International Journal of Game Theory, 4(1975), 25-55. |
||||||
关键字 | LIMIT PRICING AND ENTRY;INCOMPLETE INFORMATION ; AN EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS | ||||||
发表所在刊物(或来源) | Econometrica, Vol. 50, No. 2 (March, 1982) | ||||||
发表时间 | March, 1982 | ||||||
适用研究领域 | |||||||
评论 | |||||||
上传时间 | 2011-1-18 16:59 | ||||||
下载文献 |
Limit Pricing and Entry.pdf[1.55 MB]
注:下载文献会消耗您一个“当日剩余下载次数” |
||||||
会员评论 |
京ICP备16021002-2号 京B2-20170662号 京公网安备 11010802022788号 论坛法律顾问:王进律师 知识产权保护声明 免责及隐私声明