浅谈环境护理理论在患者护理服务中的运用
发布时间：2014-10-16
来源：人大经济论坛
浅谈环境护理理论在患者护理服务中的运用
摘 要
研究目的:本研究以环境护理理论为基础，应用现代护理观对传统的入院和出院护理服务进行深入探讨和研究，这不仅为护理理论与实践相结合提供了有益的经验，而且有利于阐明患者入院和出院护理的理论依据；而且有助于提供个性化的入院和出院护理服务，更能体现现代护理的服务理念，为服务对象恢复、维护和促进健康提供优质的护理服务。
研究方法:本研究采用文献资料法、问卷调查法和数理统计法对笔者所在地区七所医院护理环境对患者对医院护理满意度的影响，以针对性提出应对之策。
研究结果:
1.调查中，70%的患者接受了入院健康教育，教育以口头介绍的方式为主。71.3%的患者表示对教育的内容基本掌握，部分掌握的占23.9%，掌握较差的占4.8%。掌握较差的主要的原因为：个人不重视、记忆力差、护士讲解不清楚等原因。
2.以患者满意度作为因变量，将各影响因素作自变量进行单因素分析时发现患者的入院手续的办理人、护理人员能否热情接待、患者入院时的心情、空气的清新程度、与护理人员关系融洽等因素有统计学意义。
3.出院护理服务中，80%的护理人员能为患者做出院指导，指导以口头讲述的方式为主。为患者做了出院指导后，54.9%的护理人员会评价患者掌握的主要程度，评价的主要方式以口头询问为主。就患者而言，接受出院指导的患者占59.5%，没有接受指导的占40.5%。患者出院指导方式以口头介绍为主，占72.0%。就出院指导时间而言，所有患者的出院指导在患者出院当天实施。患者对出院指导内容基本掌握的占69.1%，大致了解的占29.7%，未掌握的占1.2%。
结论:
1.目前的入院和出院护理服务中，整体护理服务观及科学工作方法观未真正建立，患者入院和出院护理服务未按照现代护理服务理念和护理程序这一科学的工作方法实施，应严格按照整体护理服务要求，运用护理程序科学的工作方法，对护理人员进行临床工作方法的教育。
2.目前的入院护理服务难以满足患者需求，急需满足入院患者对治疗、检查和费用等相关信息和交流的需求。
3.影响患者入院护理服务满意度的单因素分析，发现患者的入院手续的办理人、护理人员能否热诚接待、患者入院时的心情等人文社会因素及物理环境中空气的清新程度、床单位的满意程度等因素影响满意度，提示管理者和护理人员应当以以上几点为切入点，应创建良好的医疗环境，做好环境护理，提高患者满意度。
4.护理人员普遍认为入院和出院护理服务有重新研究的必要，提示临床管理者和教育者应加强规范化管理和实践研究。
5.目前的出院护理服务存在缺陷，建议管理者和护理人员应用护理程序，实施科学规范化的出院护理服务。
关键词：医疗环境；患者；入院；出院；护理
Environmental nursing theory in nursing care for patients with application
ABSTRACT
Objective: This study is to environmental nursing theory as a foundation, the application of modern nursing view on traditional hospital admission and discharge nursing in-depth study and research, not only for the care of the combination of theory and practice has provided valuable experience, but also conducive to elucidate the patients at admission and discharge nursing theory; and helps to provide personalized the hospital admission and discharge nursing service, to better reflect the modern nursing service concept, service object recovery, maintaining and promoting the health to provide high quality nursing service.
Methods: This study adopts the methods of literature, questionnaire and mathematical statistics the author's region seven of hospital care environment on patients in hospital care satisfaction, puts forward countermeasures to.
Results:
1, survey, 70% of patients receiving hospital health education, education for oral presentation of the main way. 71.3% of the patients expressed on education content to master the basic part, master 23.9%, master the poor accounted for 4.8%. The main reason for the poor master: individual attention, poor memory, nurse explains not clear reason.
2, patient satisfaction as dependent variable, the influencing factors as the independent variable of single factor analysis found patient admission formalities, nursing personnel can warm reception, admission of patients with mood, fresh air, and the degree of nursing staff relations and other factors with statistical significance.
3, nursing services, 80% of the nursing staff can be done for patients with a discharge guide, guide to oral narration mainly. The discharge guidance for patients, 54.9% of the nursing staff will evaluate patients to grasp the major degree, evaluation of the main way to verbal questioning mainly. In the patients, discharge guidance of the patients accounted for 59.5%, did not accept the guidance of the 40.5%. Patients discharged from the guide to the oral presentation, 72%. Discharge instruction time, all patients at discharge in patients with the implementation of guidance for discharged patients. To master the basic contents of guidance for discharged patients accounted for 69.1%, generally understand accounted for 29.7%, mastered accounted for 1.2%.
Conclusion:
1, the present on admission and discharge nursing, holistic nursing service concept and scientific methods of work values is not really established, patients on admission and discharge nursing service is not in accordance with the modern concept of nursing service and nursing procedures this is a scientific working method implementation, should be strictly in accordance with the overall care requirements, using the nursing procedure the scientific methods of work, on the nursing staff to conduct clinical work methods of education.
2, the current admission nursing service to satisfy the needs of patients, need to meet the admission of patients to treatment, screening and the costs and other related information and communication needs.
3, effects of patients admitted to nursing service satisfaction by univariate analysis, found the patient admission formalities, nursing personnel can warm reception, admission of patients with mood and other social factors and physical environment, air fresh degree of bed unit satisfaction factors that influence the satisfaction, prompting managers and nurses should take the above points as the breakthrough point, we should create a good medical environment, good environmental care, improve patient satisfaction.
4, the nursing staff generally believe that the hospital admission and discharge nursing service is to study the necessary, suggestive clinical managers and educators should strengthen standardization management and practice research.
5, the current discharge nursing defects, managers and nursing staff to apply nursing procedure, the implementation of scientific and standardized nursing service.
目 录
1 绪论1
1.1 研究背景1
1.2 研究目的1
1.3 关键词及定义1
1.4 研究假设及内容1
2 材料与方法3
2.1 研究对象3
2.2 研究方法3
2.3 主要研究过程4
2.4 资料分析方法4
3 结果分析5
3.1 调查对象的一般情况5
3.2 入院护理的实施现状5
3.3 出院护理服务现状与患者需求调查结果及分析7
3.4 对入院和出院护理与环境护理的整体认识8
4 讨论10
4.1 患者入院和出院护理服务中存在的问题10
4.2 出院护理服务存在缺陷12
4.3 护理人员认为入院和出院护理有重新研究的必要12
5 推论及建议14
5.1 推论14
5.2 建议14
致 谢18
参考文献19
附录20
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