作者:Carter C. Price and Kathryn A. Edwards
摘要:
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第二次世界大战后的三十年中,整个收入分配阶段都经历了一段经济增长期,但是在过去的四十年中,应税收入的不平等现象大大增加了。这项工作力图量化由不平等加剧造成的收入差距的规模,与反事实相比,后者更广泛地分享了增长。我们引入了不平等的时间周期和收入水平的不可知性度量,该度量将收入增长与经济增长相关联。此新指标可以长时间应用,可以应用于感兴趣的子组,并且易于计算。我们记录了收入增长低于人均国民总收入增长的四个十年的累积效应,并估计在此期间内低于90%的人口的总收入为2美元。自1975年以来,收入在2018年增长了5万亿(67%),与战争后的头两个十年保持了公平。从1975年到2018年,低于90%的人群的应纳税所得额与公平增长的反事实之间的差额总计47万亿美元。我们通过在1975年至2018年的整个商业周期内以及跨整个商业周期以及人口群体应用此指标,进一步探索不平等的趋势。
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