生命的手性难题

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摘要翻译：
生物分子从两个结构上的手性系统中选择一个，这两个系统通过在镜子中的反射而相关联。人们认为，这种选择是由磁极化和物理手性宇宙射线造成的，这些宇宙射线在诱变中起着很大的作用。研究表明，宇宙射线可以施加一个小的，但持续的手性偏压，以其诱导简单的手性单体结构变化的速度，这些单体是生物聚合物的组成部分。螺旋状生物聚合物的作用要大得多，尤其是那些可能是RNA和DNA祖细胞的生物聚合物。结果表明，这种相互作用既可以是静电的，只涉及分子电场，也可以是电磁的，还涉及磁场。有人认为，这种偏见可以导致在进化的时间尺度上出现一种单一的手性生命形式。如果这种机制占主导地位，那么生命系统的利手性应该是普遍的。通过实验验证了该方法的有效性。
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英文标题：
《The Chiral Puzzle of Life》
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作者：
Noemie Globus, Roger D. Blandford
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最新提交年份：
2020
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分类信息：

一级分类：Quantitative Biology        数量生物学
二级分类：Other Quantitative Biology        其他定量生物学
分类描述：Work in quantitative biology that does not fit into the other q-bio classifications
不适合其他q-bio分类的定量生物学工作
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英文摘要：
  Biological molecules chose one of two structurally, chiral systems which are related by reflection in a mirror. It is proposed that this choice was made, causally, by magnetically polarized and physically chiral cosmic-rays, which are known to have a large role in mutagenesis. It is shown that the cosmic rays can impose a small, but persistent, chiral bias in the rate at which they induce structural changes in simple, chiral monomers that are the building blocks of biopolymers. A much larger effect should be present with helical biopolymers, in particular, those that may have been the progenitors of RNA and DNA. It is shown that the interaction can be both electrostatic, just involving the molecular electric field, and electromagnetic, also involving a magnetic field. It is argued that this bias can lead to the emergence of a single, chiral life form over an evolutionary timescale. If this mechanism dominates, then the handedness of living systems should be universal. Experiments are proposed to assess the efficacy of this process.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2002.12138

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关键词：Quantitative Evolutionary QUANTITATIV Experiments interaction 这种 rays systems field 作用