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摘要翻译：
提出了一种利用细胞外电流刺激神经细胞的新的刺激范式。在新的范式中，当电压阶跃施加到活的生物组织时，刺激是通过电压阶跃诱导的电流尖峰来实现的。实验证据和理论论证表明，这种尖峰很适合于神经细胞的刺激。人的舌头的刺激被用来证明原理。测量了不同电压下的电荷注入阈值。实验中使用的电流尖峰的时间分布具有大约1微秒的半宽度。尖峰的衰减是非指数的。尖峰至少有三个明显不同的阶段。麦克斯韦相位之后是电荷重排相位。细胞膜的充电在第三阶段完成。这三个阶段都有助于细胞膜的去极化或超极化。由于尖峰的持续时间很短，电荷转移很小。测量了导致动作电位的神经细胞膜的激活时间（不返回的时间），发现出人意料地短。对于10 V或更高的电压阶跃，它可以变得短至3微秒。
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英文标题：
《Extracellular stimulation of nerve cells with electric current spikes
induced by voltage steps》
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作者：
Erich W. Schmid
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最新提交年份：
2016
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分类信息：
一级分类：Quantitative Biology 数量生物学
二级分类：Other Quantitative Biology 其他定量生物学
分类描述：Work in quantitative biology that does not fit into the other q-bio classifications
不适合其他q-bio分类的定量生物学工作
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英文摘要：
A new stimulation paradigm is presented for the stimulation of nerve cells by extracellular electric currents. In the new paradigm stimulation is achieved with the current spike induced by a voltage step whenever the voltage step is applied to a live biological tissue. By experimental evidence and theoretical arguments, it is shown that this spike is well suited for the stimulation of nerve cells. Stimulation of the human tongue is used for proof of principle. Charge injection thresholds are measured for various voltages. The time-profile of the current spike used in the experiment has a half-width of about 1 microsecond. The decay of the spike is non-exponential. The spike has at least three distinctly different phases. A Maxwell phase is followed by a charge-rearrangement phase. Charging of cell membranes is completed in a third phase. All three phases contribute to depolarization or hyperpolarization of cell membranes. Due to the short duration of the spike the charge transfer is very small. The activation time (time of no return) of nerve cell membranes leading to an action potential is measured and found to be unexpectedly short. It can become as short as 3 microseconds for a voltage step of 10 V or higher.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1603.02062
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