出口商品构成中的恩格尔定律

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摘要翻译：
不同的初级商品部门在生产、贸易和消费中所占的不同份额说明了资源和资本是如何分配和投资的。经济进步可以普遍地改变家庭支出的份额分配，三部门模型中家庭支出的恩格尔定律和从初级部门向制造业和服务业的转移就是例证。为了寻找这种相关性的大规模定量证据，我们基于标准国际贸易分类(SITC)对1962-2000年间的国内生产总值(GDP)和国际贸易数据进行了分析。在SITC的十个类别中，有三个类别的出口份额在国家和时间上与国内生产总值显著相关；机械类呈正相关，食品与原材料呈负相关。一个国家商品类别的出口份额与GDP呈幂律关系，其出口份额的GDP弹性指数是表征其出口份额的指数。对两个国家在出口组合方面的距离进行了衡量，以确定1962年和2000年拥有类似组合的几组国家。我们表明，在这一时期内，国内生产总值显著增长的国家可能会过渡到机械类别中占很大份额的集群。
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英文标题：
《Engel's law in the commodity composition of exports》
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作者：
Sung-Gook Choi and Deok-Sun Lee
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最新提交年份：
2019
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分类信息：

一级分类：Quantitative Finance        数量金融学
二级分类：General Finance        一般财务
分类描述：Development of general quantitative methodologies with applications in finance
通用定量方法的发展及其在金融中的应用
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一级分类：Economics        经济学
二级分类：General Economics        一般经济学
分类描述：General methodological, applied, and empirical contributions to economics.
对经济学的一般方法、应用和经验贡献。
--
一级分类：Physics        物理学
二级分类：Physics and Society        物理学与社会
分类描述：Structure, dynamics and collective behavior of societies and groups (human or otherwise). Quantitative analysis of social networks and other complex networks. Physics and engineering of infrastructure and systems of broad societal impact (e.g., energy grids, transportation networks).
社会和团体（人类或其他）的结构、动态和集体行为。社会网络和其他复杂网络的定量分析。具有广泛社会影响的基础设施和系统（如能源网、运输网络）的物理和工程。
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一级分类：Quantitative Finance        数量金融学
二级分类：Economics        经济学
分类描述：q-fin.EC is an alias for econ.GN. Economics, including micro and macro economics, international economics, theory of the firm, labor economics, and other economic topics outside finance
q-fin.ec是econ.gn的别名。经济学，包括微观和宏观经济学、国际经济学、企业理论、劳动经济学和其他金融以外的经济专题
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英文摘要：
  Different shares of distinct commodity sectors in production, trade, and consumption illustrate how resources and capital are allocated and invested. Economic progress has been claimed to change the share distribution in a universal manner as exemplified by the Engel's law for the household expenditure and the shift from primary to manufacturing and service sector in the three sector model. Searching for large-scale quantitative evidence of such correlation, we analyze the gross-domestic product (GDP) and international trade data based on the standard international trade classification (SITC) in the period 1962 to 2000. Three categories, among ten in the SITC, are found to have their export shares significantly correlated with the GDP over countries and time; The machinery category has positive and food and crude materials have negative correlations. The export shares of commodity categories of a country are related to its GDP by a power-law with the exponents characterizing the GDP-elasticity of their export shares. The distance between two countries in terms of their export portfolios is measured to identify several clusters of countries sharing similar portfolios in 1962 and 2000. We show that the countries whose GDP is increased significantly in the period are likely to transit to the clusters displaying large share of the machinery category.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1911.01568

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关键词：出口商品构成 恩格尔定律 出口商品 恩格尔 出口商 sector commodity large 进行 方面