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英文文献：Mobile Phone Innovation and Environmental Sustainability in Sub-Saharan Africa-撒哈拉以南非洲的移动电话创新和环境可持续性
英文文献作者：Simplice A. Asongu,Jacinta C. Nwachukwu
英文文献摘要：
This study investigates how the mobile phone can complement knowledge diffusion in order to influence CO2 emissions in 44 Sub-Saharan African countries for the period 2000-2012. The empirical evidence is based on Generalised Method of Moments. Three knowledge diffusion variables representing three of the four pillars of the World Bank???s Knowledge Economy Index are employed: educational quality, information and communication technology (ICT) and scientific output. Six CO2 emission variables are used, namely: CO2 per capita, CO2 from electricity and heat, CO2 from liquid fuel, CO2 from manufacturing and construction, CO2 from transport and CO2 intensity. In the assessments, a decreasing tendency in these variables translates into positive conditions for environmental sustainability. Based on net effect from complementarities, the following findings are established. First, the mobile phone complements education to have a net negative effect on CO2 emissions per capita and CO2 emissions from the consumption of liquid fuel. Second, where some positive net effects of knowledge diffusion are apparent, corresponding marginal effects are negative. Corresponding mobile phone penetration thresholds at which the positive net effects on CO2 emissions can be dampened and reversed are largely within policy range. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed.
本研究调查了2000-2012年期间，移动电话如何补充知识扩散，以影响44个撒哈拉以南非洲国家的二氧化碳排放。经验证据是基于广义矩量法。本文采用了代表世界银行知识经济指数四大支柱中的三大知识扩散变量:教育质量、信息和通信技术(ICT)和科学产出。使用了6个二氧化碳排放变量，即:人均二氧化碳、电力和热能产生的二氧化碳、液体燃料产生的二氧化碳、制造和建筑产生的二氧化碳、运输产生的二氧化碳和二氧化碳强度。在评估中，这些变量的减少趋势转化为环境可持续性的积极条件。基于互补的净效应，确定了以下发现。首先，手机是对教育的补充，对人均二氧化碳排放和液体燃料消耗的二氧化碳排放有净负面影响。第二，当知识扩散的某些正净效应明显时，相应的边际效应为负。相应的移动电话渗透阈值，其对二氧化碳排放的正净影响可以被抑制和逆转，很大程度上在政策范围内。讨论了实际和理论意义。
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