发帖
雷达卡
英文文献：How Enhancing Gender Inclusion Affects Inequality: Thresholds of Complementary Policies for Sustainable Development-加强性别包容如何影响不平等:可持续发展补充政策的起点
英文文献作者：Simplice A. Asongu,Nicholas M. Odhiambo
英文文献摘要：
This study investigates how enhancing gender inclusion affects inequality in 42 African countries for the period 2004-2014. The empirical evidence is based on the Generalized Method of Moments. Three inequality indicators are used, namely, the: Gini coefficient, Atkinson index, and Palma ratio. The two gender inclusion measurements used include female labour force participation and female employment. The following main findings are established. There are positive net effects on inequality from the enhancement of gender inclusion dynamics. An extended threshold analysis is used to assess critical masses at which further increasing gender inclusion enhances inequality. The established thresholds are: (i) 55.555 ???employment to population ratio, 15+, female (%)?? for the nexus with the Gini coefficient. (ii) 50 ???labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+)?? and between 50 to 55 ???employment to population ratio, 15+, female (%)?? , for the Atkinson index. (iii) 61.87 ???labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+)?? for the Palma ratio.These established thresholds are worthwhile for sustainable development because, beyond the critical masses, policy makers should complement the gender inclusion policy with other measures designed to reduce income inequality. Some complementary measures that can be taken on board beyond the established thresholds could focus on enhancing, inter alia: information and communication technology, infrastructural development; financial inclusion and inclusive education.
本研究调查了2004-2014年期间增强性别包容如何影响42个非洲国家的不平等。经验证据是基于广义矩量法。使用三个不平等指标，即:基尼系数、阿特金森指数和帕尔马比率。采用的两种性别纳入测量方法包括女性劳动力参与率和女性就业率。以下主要发现被证实。增强性别包容动力对不平等有积极的净影响。扩展的阈值分析用于评估临界质量，在此临界质量下，进一步增加的性别包容加剧了不平等。建立阈值是:(i) 55.555??就业人口比率,15 +,女(%)?基尼系数的关系。(2) 50??劳动力参与率,女(%的女性人口老龄化15 +)?,50到55岁之间??就业人口比率,15 +,女(%)?,阿特金森指数。(3) 61.87??劳动力参与率,女(%的女性人口老龄化15 +)的?帕尔马比率。这些既定的门槛对于可持续发展来说是值得的，因为除了关键的大众之外，政策制定者应该用旨在减少收入不平等的其他措施来补充性别包容政策。在既定界限之外可以采取的一些补充措施可以着重于加强，除其他外:信息和通信技术、基础设施发展;普惠金融和全纳教育。
京公网安备 11010802022788号
