Evaluation of Institutional Models for Changing Communal Land in Namibia-评价...

是 否 +2 论坛币

k人 参与回答

经管之家送您一份

应届毕业生专属福利!

求职就业群

赵安豆老师微信：zhaoandou666

经管之家联合CDA

送您一个全额奖学金名额~ !

立即领取

感谢您参与论坛问题回答

经管之家送您两个论坛币！

+2 论坛币

英文文献：Evaluation of Institutional Models for Changing Communal Land in Namibia-评价改变纳米比亚公有土地的体制模式
英文文献作者：Melania Tegereni
英文文献摘要：
At independence (1990) Namibia like other African countries inherited a dual land tenure system and a related management system consisting of customary land tenure administered by traditional leaders and statutory land tenure administered by central government. Before the passing of Communal Land Reform Act 5 of 2002 (CLRA), Chiefs/Traditional Authorities (TA) allocated rights in accordance to customary land tenure. These allocation procedures were not documented and were considered to be unfair by some residents of communal areas, i.e. some people were allocated larger portions of land while others received smaller parcels, some people were allowed to fence, and others were not. Double allocation of land rights has been identified as a results of poor land administration. In this research a framework for evaluating communal land administration (after introduction of CLRA) in Namibia focusing on the process of land allocation, registration and recognition of existing and new land rights as described in the act vs. as practiced on the ground has been developed. The framework is based on three aspects i.e. management, operational and de jure vs. de facto aspect. It has been used to evaluate de jure as well as de facto land management in the three northern Namibian (Oshikoto, Omusati and Oshana) regions. Land allocation practice has been compared to the problems prior to the CLRA introduction. The research results show that there is a difference between the processes as defined by the act and as practised on the ground in all three regions. Human and technical resources, complexity of the processes are some of the core challenges highlighted by this study. Proposed models identify use of a headman as one of the key actors, this could reduce the complexity of the processes and it could enhance participation of land users within the communal land administration. Due to time limitation this work has focused only to three organizations such as MLR, CLB and TA in the three regions.

独立时(1990年)，纳米比亚同其他非洲国家一样继承了双重土地所有权制度和相关的管理制度，包括由传统领导人管理的习惯土地所有权和由中央政府管理的法定土地所有权。在2002年第5号公共土地改革法案(CLRA)通过之前，酋长/传统当局(TA)根据习惯的土地所有权分配了权利。这些分配程序没有记录在案，社区的一些居民认为是不公平的，即一些人被分配较大的土地，而另一些人得到较小的地块，一些人被允许围篱，而另一些人则没有。土地权利的双重分配被认为是土地管理不善的结果。在这项研究中，制定了一个评估纳米比亚公有土地管理(在引入CLRA之后)的框架，重点关注土地分配、登记和承认现有和新的土地权利的过程，即该法所述与实地实践的过程。该框架基于管理、操作和法律与事实三个方面。它已用于评价纳米比亚北部三个地区(Oshikoto、Omusati和Oshana)的法律和事实上的土地管理。土地分配实践与CLRA引入前的问题进行了比较。研究结果表明，该法案定义的过程与在所有三个地区实际实施的过程之间存在差异。人力和技术资源、过程的复杂性是本研究强调的一些核心挑战。拟议的模型确定使用一名负责人作为主要行为者之一，这可以减少过程的复杂性，并可以提高土地使用者在公共土地管理中的参与度。由于时间限制，这项工作只集中于三个地区的三个组织，如MLR、CLB和TA。

扫码加我 拉你入群

请注明：姓名-公司-职位

以便审核进群资格，未注明则拒绝

分享0 收藏0 回帖