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英文文献：Enhancing Governance for Environmental Sustainability in Sub-Saharan Africa-加强撒哈拉以南非洲的环境可持续性治理
英文文献作者：Simplice A. Asongu,Nicholas M. Odhiambo
英文文献摘要：
This study assesses whether improving governance standards affects environmental quality in 44 countries in sub-Saharan Africa for the period 2000-2012. The empirical evidence is based on Generalised Method of Moments. Bundled and unbundled governance dynamics are used notably: (i) political governance (consisting of political stability and “voice & accountability”); (ii) economic governance (entailing government effectiveness and regulation quality), (iii) institutional governance (represented by the rule of law and corruption-control) and (iv) general governance (encompassing political, economic and institutional governance dynamics). The following hypotheses are tested: (i) Hypothesis 1 (Improving political governance is negatively related to CO2 emissions); (ii) Hypothesis 2 (Increasing economic governance is negatively related to CO2 emissions) and (iii) Hypothesis 3 (Enhancing institutional governance is negatively related to CO2 emissions. Results of the tested hypotheses show that: the validity of Hypothesis 3 cannot be determined based on the results; Hypothesis 2 is not valid while Hypothesis 1 is partially not valid. The main policy implication is that governance standards need to be further improved in order for government quality to generate the expected unfavorable effects on CO2 emissions.
本研究评估2000-2012年期间，改善治理标准是否会影响撒哈拉以南非洲44个国家的环境质量。经验证据是基于广义矩量法。捆绑式和非捆绑式治理动态被特别使用:(i)政治治理(包括政治稳定和“话语权和问责制”);(二)经济治理(涉及政府效能和监管质量)，(三)制度治理(以法治和反腐为代表)和(四)一般治理(包括政治、经济和制度治理动态)。检验了以下假设:(i)假设1(改善政治治理与CO2排放呈负相关);(ii)假设2(增加经济治理与CO2排放负相关)和假设3(加强制度治理与CO2排放负相关)检验假设的结果表明:不能根据检验结果确定假设3的有效性;假设2不成立，假设1部分不成立。主要的政策含义是，治理标准需要进一步提高，以使政府质量产生预期的对二氧化碳排放的不利影响。
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