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MATLAB课程：代码示例之Programming（一）
Reading Arbitrary Format Text Files with TEXTSCAN
This example shows how to read an arbitrary format text file with textscan. This function allows you to read the file one block at a time, and each block can have a different format.
File Format
The information in the sample text file, test80211.txt, is the result from a wireless network communication quality test. The sample file consists of 4 lines of introduction followed by several blocks of data, where each block represents a different environment (for example, mobile, indoor, outdoor). Each block of data has the following format:
Two header lines of description
The text, Num SNR=, followed by a numeric value, m
Numeric data organized in a table of m columns and an arbitrary number of rows. The data is comma-delimited.
The text, *EOB, denoting the end of the block
For example, a block of data is formatted like this:
* Indoor2* SNR Vs test NoNum SNR=3,-5.00E+00,-4.00E+00,1.00E+00,3.32E-07,9.12E-072.00E+00,1.49E-07,2.44E-073.00E+00,6.04E-07,2.53E-074.00E+00,1.53E-07,4.25E-075.00E+00,1.82E-07,1.83E-076.00E+00,6.27E-07,8.21E-077.00E+00,9.10E-08,1.53E-088.00E+00,8.73E-07,6.45E-079.00E+00,4.40E-07,1.33E-07*EOBThe numeric data represents error rates over a range of noise levels for a number of independent tests. The first column indicates the test number. To view the entire sample file, type at the command line:
open test80211.txt
Open Text File for ReadingfileID = fopen('test80211.txt','r');fopen returns a file identifier.
Read Introduction LinesRead the 4 introduction lines, which are strings delimited by a newline character.
Intro = textscan(fileID,'%s',4,'Delimiter','\n')Intro = {4x1 cell}
textscan returns a 1-by-1 cell array containing a 4-by-1 cell array of strings.
View the contents of the cell.
disp(Intro{1})'*CCX' '*CCX WiFi conformance test' '*CCX BER Results' '*CCX'
Read Each Block
For each block, we want to read a header, the numeric value m, column headers for the data, then the data itself. First, initialize the block index.
Block = 1;Read each block of data in a while loop. The loop executes until the end of the file is reached and ~feof returns false. The textscan function returns the data in each block as a cell array named InputText. Convert each cell array to a numeric array using cell2mat and store the numeric array in a cell array named Data. A cell array allows the storage of different size blocks.
while (~feof(fileID)) % For each block: fprintf('Block: %s\n', num2str(Block)) % Print block number to the screen InputText = textscan(fileID,'%s',2,'delimiter','\n'); % Read 2 header lines HeaderLines{Block,1} = InputText{1}; disp(HeaderLines{Block}); % Display header lines InputText = textscan(fileID,'Num SNR = %f'); % Read the numeric value % following the text, Num SNR = NumCols = InputText{1}; % Specify that this is the % number of data columns FormatString = repmat('%f',1,NumCols); % Create format string % based on the number % of columns InputText = textscan(fileID,FormatString, ... % Read data block 'delimiter',','); Data{Block,1} = cell2mat(InputText); [NumRows,NumCols] = size(Data{Block}); % Determine size of table disp(cellstr(['Table data size: ' ... num2str(NumRows) ' x ' num2str(NumCols)])); disp(' '); % New line eob = textscan(fileID,'%s',1,'delimiter','\n'); % Read and discard end-of-block marker Block = Block+1; % Increment block indexendBlock: 1 '* Mobile1' '* SNR Vs test No' 'Table data size: 30 x 19' Block: 2 '* Mobile2' '* SNR Vs test No' 'Table data size: 30 x 9' Block: 3 '* Mobile3' '* SNR Vs test No' 'Table data size: 31 x 15' Block: 4 '* Mobile4' '* SNR Vs test No' 'Table data size: 28 x 19' Block: 5 '* Mobile5' '* SNR Vs test No' 'Table data size: 32 x 18' Block: 6 '* Mobile6' '* SNR Vs test No' 'Table data size: 30 x 19' Block: 7 '* Mobile7' '* SNR Vs test No' 'Table data size: 30 x 11' Block: 8 '* Mobile8' '* SNR Vs test No' 'Table data size: 20 x 18' Block: 9 '* Indoor0' '* SNR Vs test No' 'Table data size: 9 x 3' Block: 10 '* Indoor1' '* SNR Vs test No' 'Table data size: 22 x 6' Block: 11 '* Indoor2' '* SNR Vs test No' 'Table data size: 25 x 3' Block: 12 '* Indoor3' '* SNR Vs test No' 'Table data size: 21 x 18' Block: 13 '* Outdoor1' '* SNR Vs test No' 'Table data size: 20 x 18' Block: 14 '* Outdoor2' '* SNR Vs test No' 'Table data size: 23 x 3' Block: 15 '* Outdoor3' '* SNR Vs test No' 'Table data size: 22 x 18' Block: 16 '* Outdoor4' '* SNR Vs test No' 'Table data size: 21 x 18' Block: 17 '* Outdoor5' '* SNR Vs test No' 'Table data size: 18 x 5'
Close Text Filefclose(fileID);
Total Number of Blocks
Determine the number of blocks in the file.
NumBlocks = Block-1NumBlocks = 17
View Numeric Data
Display the numeric data in one of the blocks using short scientific notation.
First, store the current Command Window output display format.
user_format = get(0, 'format');Change the display format to short scientific notation.
format shortEDisplay the header lines for the ninth block followed by a blank line and the numeric data.
Block = 9;disp(HeaderLines{Block});fprintf('SNR %d %d\n',Data{Block,1}(1,2:end))disp(' ')disp(Data{Block,1}(2:end,2:end));'* Indoor0' '* SNR Vs test No'SNR -7 -6 9.0600e-07 6.7100e-07 3.1700e-07 3.5400e-07 2.8600e-07 1.9600e-07 1.4800e-07 7.3400e-07 3.9500e-08 9.6600e-07 7.9600e-07 7.8300e-07 4.0000e-07 8.8100e-07 3.0100e-07 2.9700e-07
Restore the original Command Window output display format.
set(0, 'format', user_format);
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