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英文文献：Mechanisms For Addressing Third-Party Impacts Resulting From Voluntary Water Transfers
英文文献作者：Murphy, James J.,Dinar, Ariel,Howitt, Richard E.,Mastrangelo, Erin,Rassenti, Stephen J.,Smith, Vernon L.
英文文献摘要：
This research uses laboratory experiments to test alternative water market institutions designed to protect third-party interests. The institutions tested include taxing mechanisms that raise revenue to compensate affected third-parties, and a free market in which third-parties actively participate. We also discuss the likely implications of a command-and-control approach in which there are fixed limits on the volume of water that may be exported from a region. The results indicate that there are some important trade-offs in selecting a policy option. Although theoretically optimal, active third-party participation in the market is likely to result in free-riding that may erode some or all of the efficiency gains, and may introduce volatility into the market. Fixed limits on water exports are likely to result in a more stable market, but the constraints on exports will result in lower levels of social welfare. Taxing transfers and compensating third-parties offers a promising balance of efficiency, equity and market stability.
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