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作者：杨 柳 上海嘉盟电力设备有限公司 信息部经理
内容简介：
目前我国教育单位正在推进的教育信息化浪潮中，信息化失败的案例很多。尤其是教育信息化的核心——教育管理信息系统实施存在众多问题，本文借鉴企业ERP系统实施管理，使用了文献研究、经验总结和交叉研究的方法，将以上问题总结为：信息化规划和统筹人才缺乏，团队管理不善；各个信息系统相对独立，形成信息孤岛；信息化进程推进职责不明，任务不明，目标不明，形成组织混乱；教职员工对信息化的理解错误，应对态度和学习心态错误导致配合不积极不及时；教育业务尚未完成从手工到电子再到信息系统的进化，管理形式与信息系统存在距离过大，无法使用信息系统进行；信息系统的实施范围和进度不能有效控制，投入和实施没有止境等。这些问题导致教育单位的教育管理信息系统实施成本上升、进度失控、失败风险放大，投入高昂而见效微薄，直接延缓了教育信息化的进程。
本文借鉴IT管理和项目管理方法，结合教育管理实际提出教育单位面对这些问题的对策：首先必须谨慎挑选和培养自己的CIO，由CIO选拔建立实施团队，及时为教育单位做出整体信息规划，在教育管理系统实施前做好实施规划；其次要通过动员会、培训考核、沟通交流充分，及时做好教职员工用户的培训沟通工作；再次必须通过对管理制度、表单、流程的改善优化，使之符合信息系统实施的要求，并借鉴IT项目管理的办法控制实施成本和进度。教育管理信息系统的实施不仅仅是软件部署，也是教育管理从观念到操作过程和操作方式的变革，更是教育单位组织架构的一场变革。
关 键 词 教育信息化；教育管理信息系统；信息系统实施管理；实施问题及对策；
Abstract
A large number of case failures happen during the current education infomationization wave in China. In particular, many obstacles exist in implementing Education Management Information System(EMIS)- the core of education infomationization, This article uses the literature research, experience and cross-study approach, these questions will be summarized in as team management barrier, information island barrier, disorderly organization barrier, organization conscience barrier, business management barrier, and constant deferment barrier as well.
These obstacles result in higher cost in the implementation of EMIS, harder control for the progress and amplified risk of failure, directly slowing down the process of education infomationization.
To overcome these obstacles for successful project implementation, the administrators have to be discreet in selecting and training CIO of the education institution, who then need to build up the team ,set up timely schedule, make overall planning prior to deploying the management systems and communicate with users through the mobilization meeting, training delivery and assessment, discussion and so forth.
In parallel it is necessary to improve the management policies, forms, processes and optimize the management system in order to meet requirements of carrying out current information system; and draw on the experience from IT project management to control cost and the progress of the implementation.
EMIS is not only a process of software deployment, more importantly it is also the innovation on education management from education conception to education practice method; Even the reformation on the structure of education organization.
Keywords Education infomationization, Education Management Information System(EMIS), Management Information System, Implementation Problems and Solutions.
本文仅在人大经济论坛和云脑ERP论坛发布，转载必究。
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