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2 作者信息: Alan V. Deardorff
Ford School of PublicPolicy, University of Michigan
3 出处:
| Cite this article: |
| Alan V. Deardorff. Local Import Competition in a Lumpy Country[J]. Front. Econ. China, 2018, 13(1): 5-14. |
链接
| URL: |
| http://journal.hep.com.cn/fec/EN/10.3868/s060-007-018-0002-0 http://journal.hep.com.cn/fec/EN/Y2018/V13/I1/5 |
4 摘要
“地区分割严重”国家的内部地区进口竞争
Alan V. Deardorff
密歇根大学福特公共政策学院
摘要：本文研究了在专门生产某种产品的国家里，进口商品价格下降对其一个地区带来的影响。在一个“地区严重分割”国家的模型中，各种生产要素在不同地区之间无法自由流动。但在本文中，假设只有劳动力无法流动，另一个要素——资本在各地区之间能够完全自由流动。对于流动的资本要素来说，总体均衡点可以是要素价格均等的集合中的任意一点，但是本文只关注在该集合的边界上并且最初只生产一种商品的区域。当这种商品的价格因进口竞争而下降时，就可能将这两种要素的一部分重新分配到其它产品的生产中去。但是作者假定一些资本要素离开了这个地区，所以这个地区会继续生产同一种产品。其结果是劳动的实际工资下降，这与斯托波尔-萨缪尔森的假设相同。然后作者考察了非贸易商品的生产，发现导致贸易商品降价的进口竞争同样会引起非贸易商品的贬值。结果显示这个区域经济缩小、资金减少，并且贸易和非贸易商品的生产量下降，除非人们由于收入降低转而更多消费非贸易商品作为替代品。
Local Import Competition in a Lumpy Country
Alan V. Deardorff
Ford School of Public Policy, University of Michigan
Abstract: This paper examines the effects of a fall in the price of an imported good in a region of a country that is specialized in producing that good. The context is a “lumpy country” model in which factors are unable to move between locations, although in this case I assume that only labor is immobile, and that the other factor, capital, is perfectly mobile between regions. With mobile capital, the lumpy-country equilibrium can be anywhere in the factor-price equalization set, but my focus is on a region that initially produces only one good, on the border of that set. When the price of that good falls due to import competition, it would be possible for both factors to reallocate partially into production of the other good, but I assume instead that some capital simply leaves the region, so that it continues to produce only the same good that it did before. The result of this is a fall in the real wage of labor, just as under Stolper-Samuelson assumptions. I then look at production also of a non-traded good, and find that the same import competition that cheapened the traded good also cheapens the nontraded good. The result is that the region shrinks, losing capital and producing less of both goods unless the substitution in favor of the nontraded good expands its consumption out of a smaller income.
5.作者简介：
Alan V. Deardorff的研究领域为国际贸易。他与Bob Stern一起创立了世界生产与贸易的密歇根模型用以评估贸易协定的效果。Deardorff也从事国际贸易和贸易政策的理论工作，曾为美国商务部、劳工部、国务院、财政部及经济合作与发展组织和世界银行做过顾问服务。
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