发帖
雷达卡
英文文献：Crop-Based Biofuel Production under Acreage Constraints and Uncertainty-在面积限制和不确定性下的作物生物燃料生产
英文文献作者：Baker, Mindy L.,Hayes, Dermot J.,Babcock, Bruce A.
英文文献摘要：
A myriad of policy issues and questions revolve around understanding the bioeconomy. To gain insight, we develop a stochastic and dynamic general equilibrium model and capture the uncertain nature of key variables such as crude oil prices and commodity yields. We also incorporate acreage limitations on key feedstocks such as corn, soybeans, and switchgrass. We make standard assumptions that investors are rational and engage in biofuel production only if returns exceed what they can expect to earn from alternative investments. The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 mandates the use of 36 billion gallons of biofuels by 2022, with significant requirements for cellulosic biofuel and biodiesel production. We calculate the level of tax credits required to stimulate this level of production. Subsidies of nearly $2.50 per gallon to biodiesel and $1.86 per gallon to cellulosic biofuel were required, and long-run equilibrium commodity prices were high, with corn at $4.76 per bushel and soybeans at $13.01 per bushel. High commodity prices are due to intense competition for planted acres among the commodities.
无数的政策问题和问题都围绕着对生物经济的理解。为了深入了解，我们开发了一个随机和动态的一般均衡模型，并捕捉关键变量(如原油价格和商品收益率)的不确定性。我们还对玉米、大豆和柳枝稷等关键原料的种植面积进行了限制。我们做了一个标准假设，即投资者是理性的，只有在回报超过他们从替代投资中预期的收益时，他们才会从事生物燃料生产。2007年的《能源独立和安全法》要求到2022年使用360亿加仑的生物燃料，并对纤维素生物燃料和生物柴油的生产提出了重要要求。我们计算了刺激这种生产水平所需的税收抵免水平。对生物柴油的补贴接近每加仑2.50美元，对纤维素生物燃料的补贴为每加仑1.86美元，长期均衡商品价格处于高位，玉米为每蒲式耳4.76美元，大豆为每蒲式耳13.01美元。商品价格高是由于商品之间对种植面积的激烈竞争。
京公网安备 11010802022788号
