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Clarifying and Summarizing Situations
with the 5W+5H Framework During Small Talk
外籍主管交代一件事给你，明明心中还有不确定，却因为不知道怎么问而随便答应了。最后做出来错误百出，后悔当时没有把细节问清楚。到底该怎么在简短的对话中确认对方的意思？你需要问对问题！
问清楚再覆述，表示你有认真听
It is important to be able to ask clarifyingquestions during a small talk conversation. It is also equally important to beable to summarize what someone tells us during a small talk conversation. Bothof these skills communicate to the other person that we care about what he/shehas to say and that we are listening to him/her.
However, before we can summarize a situationmentioned during small talk, we need to deepen our understanding of thesituation itself. One of the best ways to deepen our understanding of asituation is to ask clarifying questions by using the 5W+5H framework.
5W+5H 问题最能问出重点
The 5W+5H framework is a useful tool thatjournalists rely on to discover facts on which to build their news stories. Itis also an essential tool that English students can use to train their abilityto ask questions for any given topic and to clarify details for any givensituation. This article seeks to show English students how to create a summaryfor any given situation with the answers provided by 5W+5H questions during a smalltalk conversation.
两种情境搞懂5W+5H问题
情境一：问完工作内容再回报一次，主管更信赖你
结构
Boss: 问题
Employee: 回答，5W+5H 问题
Boss: 回答
Employee: 承诺 + 摘要
Boss: 响应承诺 + 摘要
Boss: Did you get a chance to read the email that Ijust sent you?
Employee: No, what did you write in the email?
Boss: I said I need you to finish the sales reportfor this month as soon as possible.
Employee: How much time do I have?
Boss: I need the report within two days.
Employee: How do you want me to hand it in?
Boss: You can print out a hard copy and leave it onmy desk.
Employee: No problem, I will finish the sales reportwithin two days and leave a hard copy on your desk.
Boss: Great, I’m counting on you!
This is not a typical small talk conversation (ifat all). It is more like an informal meeting between a boss and an employee.
In this “small talk conversation”, a female bossasks a male employee if he read her recent email. He says no and asks about itscontent. She tells him about the sales report that she needs him to finish.After getting more details about this task, he makes a promise that summarizeseverything she tells him. She responds with words of trust and encouragement.
情境二：问出答案后覆述一次，确认自己理解正确
架构
A: 陈述
B: 5W+5H 问题
A: 回答
B: 覆述摘要
A: 回应摘要
「我懂了，你的意思是…」重复一次对方的回答
Bob: I am so mad at my sister.
Susan: Why?
Bob: She punched me in the face.
Susan: I see. The reason why you are so mad at yoursister is that she punched you in the face.
Bob: That’s right.
「所以你是说…？」问句确认对方回答
Justin: Donald Trump is not a very good president.
Sam: Why not?
Justin: Donald Trump is a funny person.
Sam: So you’re saying that the reason why you thinkDonald is not a very good president is because he is a funny person?
Justin: Yes, exactly.
所以你是说，你认为（完整句）的原因是（完整句）？
So you’re saying that the reason why you thinkS+V+O is because S+V+O?
如果你想说得正式点，可以改说
So are you saying that…
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