另一个问题 50币

Assume the following to be true:

Export and import contracts are denominated in domestic currency.

The domestic demand for imports is inelastic.

The foreign demand for domestic exports is inelastic.

What will happen to the domestic trade balance following a devaluation of the domestic currency?
Explain carefully the effects during the currency-contract period and the pass-through period, and be sure to explain why these effects occur.


希望能尽快答复 谢谢

题目是说：进出口贸易是以国内货币结算。并且国内需求对进口贸易没有弹性，国外需求对出口也没有弹性，即进出口贸易对双方国内需求没有影响。问国内货币贬值对国内贸易平衡有什么影响？还要要求在货币合同期间内的详细影响？以及为什么产生这种影响？

楼上的已经翻译了，我说说自己对于题目的看法：
在合同签定之后，本币（合同货币）贬值会导致出口商收入同样外币后换回本币的数量增加，即利润增加。
对于其后的商品，由于本币表示的商品价格不变，由于本币贬值导致外币报价减少，也会扩大国际贸易规模。外汇收入增长，出口商获利也多。
综合来看，会使出口商国家的国民收入增长，贸易顺差明显。
个人意见，仅供参考和讨论。

3# lawrencelee


如何理解假定条件需求无弹性的设定？？

_miracle12! 发表于 2010-11-26 00:40
3# lawrencelee

需求无弹性的假定对结论并没有实质性的影响，只是简化了分析过程。在此假定下，国际贸易与国内消费成为两个独立的部门，不互相干扰，从而分析过程很简单。
个人意见，仅供参考与讨论。

进出口贸易以国内通货结算，同时国内对于进口的需求是无弹性的，外国对于本国出口也是无弹性的，那么国内通货的贬值会对国内贸易平衡产生什么样的影响。请认真解释在以国内货币结算时间内的影响并且确定这种影响为何会发生。
无弹性为刚性需求，若本币贬值，则进口商以本币结算后，同样金额不会在财务上有任何的反应，而外国出口商则会因为本币的贬值，同样的货品兑换回的外国本币变少，同样体现在财务上利润变少。

jiangqy 发表于 2012-3-7 21:45
进出口贸易以国内通货结算，同时国内对于进口的需求是无弹性的，外国对于本国出口也是无弹性的，那么国内通 ...

再添几句，因为是刚性的贸易，国内因为本币贬值而获益，国外因本币贬值而受害，这也是为什么很多国家采用本币贬值来增加国内产品竞争力，并使本国获益的原因了，不过相对来说本币贬值造成的影响也是双面的，那就是国内的通货膨胀。

Since the question is written in English, i find it appropriate to reply in English :)
Below is what i think:

The question has clearly stated that both the demand for imports and exports are inelastic, hence, i would like to look at it as the demand (in quantity) will not be affected by the fluctuation in the foreign exchange.

For illustration purpose, say the domestic currency is RMB while the foreign currency is USD, and the exchange rate is currently USDRMB 6.00 and after it is depreciated it would be USDRMB 6.50.

Assuming that the demand for exports is 50 units priced at RMB 100 per unit, while imports is 80 units, also priced at RMB100.

Domestic Trade Balance:
Day 1: total exports = RMB100* 50 = RMB500; imports = RMB100 * 80 = RMB800, trade deficit = RMB300

After depreciation: total exports = RMB100* 50 = RMB500; imports = RMB100 * 80 = RMB800, trade deficit : RMB300

Foreign country's trade balance:
Day 1: total exports = RMB100* 80 / 6.0 = USD133.3 ; imports = RMB100 * 50 /6 = USD83.3, trade surplus : USD50

After depreciation: total exports = RMB100* 80 / 6.5 = USD123.1 ; imports = RMB100 * 50 /6 = USD76.9, trade surplus : USD46.2

Since the contracts are all denominated in DOMESTIC currency, the balance of payment is not affected by the movement in the exchange and the Demand (quantity of goods) also is independent (inelastic) of price, we can hence conclude that:

1) the domestic trade balance (in RMB) will not be affected
2) the foreign country's trade balance will be affected because the contracts are not fixed in its currency (the impact however depends on whether the foreign country's exports > imports or another way round)

lawrencelee 发表于 2010-10-31 14:44
楼上的已经翻译了，我说说自己对于题目的看法：
在合同签定之后，本币（合同货币）贬值会导致出口商收入同 ...

在需求无弹性的条件下，会产生贸易逆差，而不是贸易顺差。