发布时间：2014-10-16 来源：人大经济论坛

老年人的心理护理及体会 摘　要 目的：随着社会的进步，人类的寿命逐渐延长，老年人逐渐增多，患病率随之增加。老年人除了机体发生一些生理性或病理性改变外，心理状态也发生着复杂的变化。心理因素对人体既有导致疾病的作用，又有医治和预防疾病的作用，心理因素从不同方向上严重影响老年人的身心健康。因此，了解老年人的内心世界，掌握他们的心愿，根据老年人的心理特点，适当加以疏导，做好老年病人的心理护理工作，实施有效的护理措施，可以提高对疾病的治疗效果，达到治愈的最终目的。 方法：通过对我国近期老年人的心理疾病发病状况、发展趋势、症状表现、护理要点、家属配合等方面进行系统论述，进一步提高专业及非专业护理人员对老年人心理护理的重视程度、了解老年人病人心理状态、分析发病原因，对老年人的心理护理形成系统认识。 结果：通过对老年病人的心理分析与护理，说明心理护理工作在临床中是十分重要的，是某些药物所不能代替的，因此要想做好心理护理，就必须掌握丰富的医学心理学和护理心理学知识，以满足日益发展的临床护理工作的需要。并运用这些知识帮助老年人更新观念，正确对待疾病，为家庭和社会发挥余热安度晚年。 结论：老年人的心理疾病在专业人员的指导以及家人和全社会的共同努力下，通过科学的方式方法能够进行有效的控制和治疗，老年人在自身努力调节及周边人员的帮助下，能够保持良好的心理状态，从而达到身心愉快，度过幸福安详的晚年生活。 关 键 词：老年人；心理护理；心理健康 论文类型：理论研究 Psychological care and experience of the elderly ABSTRACT Objectives: With the progress of society，humanity's life is lengthens gradually，the senior citizen increases gradually，and the prevalence rate increases along with it.The senior citizen has some physiologies besides organism or pathology changes, the psychology is also having the complex change. The psychological factor both has to the human body causes disease's function, and has the treatment and the prevention disease's function, psychological factor from different direction serious influence senior citizen's physical and moral integrity. Therefore, According to senior citizen's psychological characteristic,understands senior citizen's inner world, grasps their wish,carries on unblocking suitably, can enhance disease's curative effect. Achieves the cure the final goal. Methods: Through our country in the near future senior citizen's psychological disease morbidity condition、trend of development、symptom performance、nursing main point、family member coordination，andso to carries on the system elaboration。Enhances specialized and the non-specialized nursing staffs the senior citizen psychology nursing value degree、understands the senior citizen patient psychology、analysis aetiological agent，forms the system understanding to senior citizen psychology nursing. Methods: Through the old age patient's psycho-analysis and nursing, explained that the psychological nursing work in clinical is very important, is certain medicines cannot replace, if therefore wants to complete psychological nursing, must grasp the rich medical psychology and the nursing psychology knowledge, flourishes more and more daily satisfiedly clinical nursing work need. And utilizes these knowledge to help the senior citizen to renew the idea, treats disease correctly, displays the afterheat for the family and the society to have a comfortable old age. Results: Through the old age patient's psycho-analysis and nursing, explained that the psychological nursing work in clinical is very important, is certain medicines cannot replace, if therefore wants to complete psychological nursing, must grasp the rich medical psychology and the nursing psychology knowledge, flourishes more and more daily satisfiedly clinical nursing work need. And utilizes these knowledge to help the senior citizen to renew the idea, treats disease correctly, displays the afterheat for the family and the society to have a comfortable old age. Conclusion: Senior citizen's psychological illness gets sick in specialists' instruction as well as the family member and under the entire society's joint effort, can carry on the effective control and the treatment through the science ways and means that the senior citizen, in oneself adjusts and under diligently the peripheral personnel's help, can maintain the good psychology, thus achieves the body and mind to be happy, passed the happy serene old age life. KEY WORDS: Senior citizen; Psychological nursing; Psychologically healthy TYPE OF THESIS: Fundamental research 目 录 1 绪论1 1.1 背景及意义1 1.2 研究目的及目标2 1.2.1 目的2 1.2.2 目标2 1.3 关键词及定义2 1.4 文献回顾3 2 研究设计5 2.1研究对象5 2.2一般资料5 2.3研究方法5 2.4研究步骤6 3 研究结果7 3.1结果7 3.2分析评价7 4 讨论9 4.1体会9 4.2问题9 4.2.1对象狭窄9 4.2.2内容单一9 4.2.3工具较少9 4.3致病原因9 4.4护理要点10 5 推论及建议13 5.1推论13 5.2建议13 5.2.1提高认识13 5.2.2抓住机遇13 5.2.3做好保障13 5.2.4理论研究14 致 谢15 参考文献17 附录119 附录222 附录323