最终消费与碳减排责任的经济学分析

是 否 +2 论坛币

k人 参与回答

经管之家送您一份

应届毕业生专属福利!

求职就业群

赵安豆老师微信：zhaoandou666

经管之家联合CDA

送您一个全额奖学金名额~ !

立即领取

感谢您参与论坛问题回答

经管之家送您两个论坛币！

+2 论坛币

最终消费与碳减排责任的经济学分析

【原文出处】经济研究

【原刊地名】京

【原刊期号】20101

【原刊页号】4～14，64

【英文标题】An Economic Analysis of Final Consumption and Responsibility of Carbon Emission

【作 者】樊纲/苏铭/曹静

【作者简介】樊纲，中国经济体制改革研究基金会国民经济研究所，电子邮箱：fangang＠neri.org.cn，100038；苏铭，北京大学国家发展研究院，电子邮箱：sum＠pku.edu.cn，100871；曹静，清华大学经济管理学院，电子邮箱：caojing＠sem.tsinghua.edu.cn，100084。

【内容提要】国际分工的深化以及各国消费模式的差异已经成为气候谈判中界定各国排放责任的焦点问题。本文基于长期的、动态的视角，提出根据最终消费来衡量各国碳排放责任的理论，并根据最终消费与碳减排责任的关系，计算了两个情景下1950—2005年世界各国累积消费排放量，发现中国约有14％—33％（或超过20％）的国内实际排放是由他国消费所致，而大部分发达国家如英国、法国和意大利则相反。进而，我们从福利角度讨论了以消费排放作为公平分配指标的重要性，从而将国际社会应对气候变化的“共同但有区别的责任”原则扩展为“共同但有区别的碳消费权”原则，建议以1850年以来的（人均）累积消费排放作为国际公平分担减排责任与义务的重要指标。

【摘 要 题】理论探讨

【英文摘要】The globalization has been imposing great challenges on allocating greenhouse gas(GHG) abatement responsibilities across countries. From a dynamic perspective, we propose the idea of allocating the emission responsibility based on the ultimate consumption, analyze the relationship between ultimate consumption and carbon emission, and measure the consumption-based carbon emission across all the countries from 1950 to 2005 in two scenarios. Our analysis suggests that about 14%-33%(maybe more than 20%) of China's accumulative domestic emission is induced by the others' consumption, whereas most developed countries are on the contrary. Based on the new concept of consumption-based carbon emissions, we extend the UNFCCC concept of "the Common but Differentiated Responsibilities" to allocate fair carbon-consumption fights across countries and propose using a consumption-based carbon-emission right as an important indicator in a future GHG burden-sharing framework.

【关 键 词】气候变化/消费排放/碳消费权

    climate change/consumption-based carbon emission/carbon-consumption rights

【正 文】

扫码加我 拉你入群

请注明：姓名-公司-职位

以便审核进群资格，未注明则拒绝

分享0 收藏0 回帖

关键词：经济学分析 最终消费 经济学 碳减排 relationship 经济学 责任 消费 减排

【参考文献】
    [1]陈文颖、吴宗鑫、何建坤，2005：《全球未来碳排放权“两个趋同”的分配方法》，《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》第6期。
    [2]龚六堂、谢丹阳，2004：《我国省份之间的要素流动和边际生产率的差异分析》，《经济研究》第1期。
    [3]国务院发展研究中心课题组，2009：《全球温室气体减排：一个理论框架和解决方案》，《经济研究》第3期。
    [4]潘家华、郑艳，2008：《碳排放与发展权益》，《世界环境》第4期。
    [5]李丽平、任勇、田春秀，2008：《国际贸易视角下的中国碳排放责任分析》，《环境保护》第3期。
    [6]李善同、何建武，2008：《中国进出口贸易中隐含的能源、水资源以及排放的污染物》，国务院发展研究中心工作论文。
    [7]刘强、庄幸、姜克隽等，2008：《中国出口贸易中的载能量及碳排放量分析》，《中国工业经济》第8期。
    [8]潘家华，2008：《中国进出口贸易中的内涵能源及政策含义》，中国社会科学院工作论文。
    [9]齐晔、李惠民、徐明，2008：《中国进出口贸易中的隐含碳估算》，《中国人口、资源与环境》第3期。
    [10]孙琳琳、任若恩，2005：《资本投入测量综述》，《经济学（季刊）》第4期。
    [11]姚愉芳、齐舒畅、刘琪，2008：《中国进出口贸易与经济、就业、能源关系与对策研究》，《数量经济技术经济研究》第10期。
    [12]张军、吴桂英、张吉鹏，2004：《中国省际物质资本存量估算：1952—2000》，《经济研究》第10期。
    [13]佐和隆光，1999：《防止全球变暖》，中译本，环境科学出版社。
    [14]Ackerman, F., Ishikawa, M. and Suga, M., 2007,“The Carbon Content of Japan-US Trade”, Energy Policy, Vol. 35, 4455-4462.
    [15]Arndt, D., Arndt, S. and Kierzkowski, H., 2001, Fragmentation, Oxford University Press, London.
    [16]Baer, P., Athanasiou, T. and Kartha, S., 2008,“The Greenhouse Development Rights Framework: the Right to Development in a Climate Constrained World”, Stockholm Environment Institute Report, Stockholm.
    [17]Copeland, B. R. and Taylor, M. S., 1994,“North-South Trade and the Environment”, Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 5, 755-787.
    [18]Ferng, J. J., 2003,“Allocating the Responsibility of CO[,2] Over-emissions from the Perspectives of Benefit Principle and Ecological Deficit”, Ecological Economics, Vol. 46, 121-141.
    [19]Helm, C., 2000, Economic Theories of International Environmental Cooperation, Edward Elgar Publishing Inc., Massachusetts.
    [20]Houser, T., Bradley, R., and Werksman, J., etc, 2009,“Level the Carbon Playing Field: International Competition and US Climate Policy Design”, Peterson Institute for International Economics, Washington D. C.
    [21]IEA, 2007, World Energy Outlook 2007, International Energy Agency, Paris.
    [22]IPCC, 2007, Climate Change 2007, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge and New York.
    [23]Kainuma, M., Matsuoka, Y. and Morita, T., 2000,“Estimation of embodied CO[,2] Emissions by General Equilibrium Model”, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 122, 392-404.
    [24]Lenzen, M., 2001a,“A Generalized Input-output Multiplier Calculus for Australia”, Economic Systems Research, Vol. 13, 65-92.
    [25]Lenzen, M., 2001b,“Errors in Conventional and Input-output-based Lifecycle Inventories”, Journal of Industrial Ecology, Vol. 4, 127-148.
    [26]Li, Y. and Hewitt, C. N., 2008,“The Effect of Trade between China and the UK on National and Global Carbon Dioxide Emissions”, Energy Policy, Vol. 36, 1907-1914.
    [27]Leontief, W., 1986, Input-Output Economics, Oxford University Press, New York.
    [28]Munksgaard, J. and Pedersen, K. A., 2001, “CO[,2] Accounts for Open Economies: Producer or Consumer Responsibility?” Energy Policy, Vol. 29, 327-334.
    [29]Perkins, D. H., 1998,“Reforming China's Economic System”, Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. 26, No. 2, 601-645.
    [30]Peters, G. P., 2008,“From Production-based to Consumption-based National Emission Inventories”, Ecological Economics, Vol. 65, 13-23.
    [31]Peters, G. P. and Hertwich, E. G., 2008a,“CO[,2] Embodied in International Trade with Implications for Global Climate policy”, Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 42, 1401-1407.
    [32]Peters, G. P. and Hertwich, E. G., 2008,“Trading Kyoto Nature Reports”, Climate Change, Vol. 2, 40-41.
    [33]Shui, B. and Harriss, R. C., 2006,“The Role of CO[,2] Embodiment in US-China Trade”. Energy Policy, Vol. 34, 4063-4068.
    [34]Smith, A., Johnson, V., and Smith, J., 2007,“China dependence: The Second UK Independence Report”, New Economics Foundation Report, London.
    [35]Weber, C. L., Peters, G. P., Guan, D. and Hubacek, K., 2008,“The Contribution of Chinese Exports to Climate Change”, Energy Policy, 36:3572-3577.
    [36]Weber, C. L. and Matthews, H. S., 2007,“Embodied Environmental Emissions in US International Trade 1997-2004”, Environmental Science and Technology, 41:4875-4881.
    [37]Wang, T. and Watson, J., 2007,“Who Owns China's Carbon Emissions?”, Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, Sussex, UK.
    [38]Wang, Y. and Yao, Y., 2001,“Source of China's Economic Growth, 1952-1999: Incorporating Human Capital Accountation”, World Bank Working Paper.
    [39]World Bank, 2007, World Development Indicator 2007. Accessed 2007.
    [40]WRI, 2007, Climate Analysis Indicators Tool(CAIT) Version 5.0. World Resources Institute, Washington D. C.

谢谢楼主分享！