摘要翻译:
本文借用复杂系统分析的方法,分析了一个国家的发展和工业化与经济不平等之间的复杂关系的特征。为了做到这一点,我们将工业化确定为一个货币指数,即人均GDP,和最近引入的衡量经济复杂性的指标,即适应度的组合。首先,我们在1990-2008年期间在全球范围内探讨这些关系,重点关注不平等的两个不同维度:收入中的资本份额和工资不平等的泰尔测度。在这两种情况下,不平等的运动遵循的模式类似于库兹涅茨在50年代提出的理论。然后我们缩小了研究的对象,我们集中于美国内部的工资不平等。通过使用1990-2014年美国约3100个县的工资和就业数据,我们推广了县和NAICS部门的适应度-复杂性算法,并调查了县内工业部门之间的工资不平等。在这种规模下,在90年代初,我们恢复了一种类似于全球的行为。然而,在最近几年里,我们发现了一个趋势逆转:工资不平等随着工业化水平的提高而单调增加。因此,在县一级,除去各国不同的社会和制度因素,我们不仅观察到不平等的增加,而且工资不平等与发展之间的关系结构也发生了变化。
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英文标题:
《Economic Development and Inequality: a complex system analysis》
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作者:
Angelica Sbardella, Emanuele Pugliese, and Luciano Pietronero
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最新提交年份:
2016
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分类信息:
一级分类:Economics 经济学
二级分类:General Economics 一般经济学
分类描述:General methodological, applied, and empirical contributions to economics.
对经济学的一般方法、应用和经验贡献。
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一级分类:Quantitative Finance 数量金融学
二级分类:Economics 经济学
分类描述:q-fin.EC is an alias for econ.GN. Economics, including micro and macro economics, international economics, theory of the firm, labor economics, and other economic topics outside finance
q-fin.ec是econ.gn的别名。经济学,包括微观和宏观经济学、国际经济学、企业理论、劳动经济学和其他金融以外的经济专题
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英文摘要:
By borrowing methods from complex system analysis, in this paper we analyze the features of the complex relationship that links the development and the industrialization of a country to economic inequality. In order to do this, we identify industrialization as a combination of a monetary index, the GDP per capita, and a recently introduced measure of the complexity of an economy, the Fitness. At first we explore these relations on a global scale over the time period 1990--2008 focusing on two different dimensions of inequality: the capital share of income and a Theil measure of wage inequality. In both cases, the movement of inequality follows a pattern similar to the one theorized by Kuznets in the fifties. We then narrow down the object of study ad we concentrate on wage inequality within the United States. By employing data on wages and employment on the approximately 3100 US counties for the time interval 1990--2014, we generalize the Fitness-Complexity algorithm for counties and NAICS sectors, and we investigate wage inequality between industrial sectors within counties. At this scale, in the early nineties we recover a behavior similar to the global one. While, in more recent years, we uncover a trend reversal: wage inequality monotonically increases as industrialization levels grow. Hence at a county level, at net of the social and institutional factors that differ among countries, we not only observe an upturn in inequality but also a change in the structure of the relation between wage inequality and development.
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PDF链接:
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1605.03133