《Battling Antibiotic Resistance: Can Machine Learning Improve
Prescribing?》
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作者:
Michael Allan Ribers and Hannes Ullrich
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最新提交年份:
2019
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英文摘要:
Antibiotic resistance constitutes a major health threat. Predicting bacterial causes of infections is key to reducing antibiotic misuse, a leading driver of antibiotic resistance. We train a machine learning algorithm on administrative and microbiological laboratory data from Denmark to predict diagnostic test outcomes for urinary tract infections. Based on predictions, we develop policies to improve prescribing in primary care, highlighting the relevance of physician expertise and policy implementation when patient distributions vary over time. The proposed policies delay antibiotic prescriptions for some patients until test results are known and give them instantly to others. We find that machine learning can reduce antibiotic use by 7.42 percent without reducing the number of treated bacterial infections. As Denmark is one of the most conservative countries in terms of antibiotic use, this result is likely to be a lower bound of what can be achieved elsewhere.
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中文摘要:
抗生素耐药性对健康构成重大威胁。预测感染的细菌原因是减少抗生素滥用的关键,抗生素滥用是抗生素耐药性的主要驱动因素。我们根据丹麦的管理和微生物实验室数据训练机器学习算法,以预测尿路感染的诊断测试结果。根据预测,我们制定政策以改进初级保健中的处方,强调当患者分布随时间变化时,医生专业知识和政策执行的相关性。拟议的政策推迟了一些患者的抗生素处方,直到知道检测结果并立即提供给其他患者。我们发现,机器学习可以在不减少已治疗细菌感染数量的情况下,将抗生素使用量减少7.42%。由于丹麦是抗生素使用最保守的国家之一,这一结果可能比其他国家的结果要低。
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分类信息:
一级分类:Economics 经济学
二级分类:General Economics 一般经济学
分类描述:General methodological, applied, and empirical contributions to economics.
对经济学的一般方法、应用和经验贡献。
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一级分类:Computer Science 计算机科学
二级分类:Computers and Society 计算机与社会
分类描述:Covers impact of computers on society, computer ethics, information technology and public policy, legal aspects of computing, computers and education. Roughly includes material in ACM Subject Classes K.0, K.2, K.3, K.4, K.5, and K.7.
涵盖计算机对社会的影响、计算机伦理、信息技术和公共政策、计算机的法律方面、计算机和教育。大致包括ACM学科类K.0、K.2、K.3、K.4、K.5和K.7中的材料。
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一级分类:Computer Science 计算机科学
二级分类:Machine Learning 机器学习
分类描述:Papers on all aspects of machine learning research (supervised, unsupervised, reinforcement learning, bandit problems, and so on) including also robustness, explanation, fairness, and methodology. cs.LG is also an appropriate primary category for applications of machine learning methods.
关于机器学习研究的所有方面的论文(有监督的,无监督的,强化学习,强盗问题,等等),包括健壮性,解释性,公平性和方法论。对于机器学习方法的应用,CS.LG也是一个合适的主要类别。
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一级分类:Quantitative Finance 数量金融学
二级分类:Economics 经济学
分类描述:q-fin.EC is an alias for econ.GN. Economics, including micro and macro economics, international economics, theory of the firm, labor economics, and other economic topics outside finance
q-fin.ec是econ.gn的别名。经济学,包括微观和宏观经济学、国际经济学、企业理论、劳动经济学和其他金融以外的经济专题
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一级分类:Statistics 统计学
二级分类:Methodology 方法论
分类描述:Design, Surveys, Model Selection, Multiple Testing, Multivariate Methods, Signal and Image Processing, Time Series, Smoothing, Spatial Statistics, Survival Analysis, Nonparametric and Semiparametric Methods
设计,调查,模型选择,多重检验,多元方法,信号和图像处理,时间序列,平滑,空间统计,生存分析,非参数和半参数方法
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