[中文题名]: 建国以来我国高校国防教育制度的历史沿革
[英文题名]: On Evolution of China's National Defense Education System at College Level since 1949
[研究方向]: 国防教育
[中文关键]: 高校国防教育;民兵预备役训练;学生军训;建国以来
[英文关键]: college students;national defense education;militia and reservist training;since 1949.
[英文摘要]: China’s national defense education system at the college level has gone through four stages since 1949. The first stage (Oct, 1949—Jun, 1955) focuses on Publicizing defense education, motivating the college students to get enlisted or to be volunteers in the wars. The second stage (July, 1955—Jun, 1957) is to do military drilling in order to train the reserved military officials. The third stage (Jun, 1957—Jun, 1984) is to train the common militia. During this period, colleges involved more in military training under the complicated domestic and international circumstances. The forth stage (July, 1984—now) is to educate college students with the common military knowledge. The characteristics of the development of national defense education of college students are as follows: its goal evolving from military training to defense education; its mode developing from trial to expansion; its direction from integrating with various approaches. The experiences and lessons from the development of the system are as follows: to maintain good relationship between national defense education and higher education; never to exaggerate the function of military training; to coordinate the pace between the institution and the practice. Suggestions for future national defense education are to build a multi-level and well-arranged system; to educate many military teachers through the research of military training of college students; to regulate the rights and obligations of both the army and the civil department; to innovate and update the content of military training of college students.