[下载]MIT《俄罗斯转型经济学》（The Economics of Russian Transition） - 制度经济学

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dannin 发表于 2007-10-23 20:24:00 |只看作者 |坛友微信交流群|倒序 |AI写论文

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<div class="buying">The Economics of Russian Transition (Hardcover) by <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/search-handle-url/102-5525055-7455345?%5Fencoding=UTF8&amp;search-type=ss&amp;index=books&amp;field-author=Yegor%20Gaidar">Yegor Gaidar</a> (Editor) </div><div class="buying"></div><div class="buying">一本对俄罗斯改革和转型经济全面回顾的书</div><div class="buying"> <img height="242" alt="" src="http://mitpress.mit.edu/images/products/books/026207219X-f30.jpg" width="171" style="WIDTH: 171px; HEIGHT: 242px;"/></div><div class="buying"></div><div class="buying"><li>Hardcover: 1057pages&nbsp;</li></div><div class="buying"><li>Publisher: The MIT Press; 1st edition (2003) </li><li>Language: English </li><li>Review "Unlike many recent bombastic and fact-free accounts of Russian reforms, this book presents a sober, balanced, and informed picture of the Yeltsin era. It will be of great value to anyone wishing to understand what really happened in Russia." --Andrei Shleifer, Professor of Economics, Harvard University, and author of Without a Map: Political Tactics and Economic Reform in Russia "This is a monumental, well-informed, and insightful book by top Russian economists, explaining the course of Russian transition. It is a must-read for those who want to understand modern Russia's economy." --Anders &Aring;slund, Senior Associate, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Book Description The end of the Cold War saw an unprecedented number of countries changing economic policies at the same time. One result has been the emergence of a new field of economics, postcommunist transformation theory. Written by prominent Russian analysts, the essays in this book discuss the economic policy problems that confront postcommunist countries. Most chapters focus on liberalization of the exchange rate and trade system, macroeconomic stabilization, and institutional reform. They also look at various policy options that have been pursued and their results. Underlying the book is the assumption that the transition to a market economy is both irreversible and the best path to sustained growth in Russia. </li><li>

167093.pdf (10.72 MB) </li><li>content Foreword: The Russian Path from Communism Reconsidered xv Stanley Fischer About This Book xxi Contributors xxv Introduction: Economic Reforms and Revolution 1 Vladimir Mau 1. Exit from Communism 1 2. Revolution and the State 1 3. Revolutionary Economic Crisis 7 I Preconditions for the Postcommunist Transformation 17 1 The Inevitability of Collapse of the Socialist Economy 19 Yegor Gaidar 1.1. Stability of the Socialist Economic System 19 1.2. Characteristics of the Socialist Model of Economic Development 21 1.3. Internal Constraints on Long-Term Development of the Economic System 23 1.4. Several Options for Reforming the Socialist Economy 25 1.5. Signs of Exhaustion of the Growth Model 28 2 The Logic and Nature of the Soviet Economic Crisis 31 Vladimir Mau 2.1. The Reforms of Late Socialism 31 2.2. Ideology and the Reform Program 33 2.3. The Practical Problem of Improving the Economic Mechanism 36 2.4. Economic Crisis as a Crisis of the State 40 3 The Liberal Market Reform Program 45 Sergei Sinelnikov-Murylev and Alexei Uluykaev 3.1. The Range of Opposing Views 45 3.2. Debates on How to Achieve Financial Stabilization 46 3.3. The Socioeconomic Situation on the Eve of Reforms 50 3.4. The Need to Accelerate Reforms 53 3.5. Russia’s Progress Toward Economic Independence 55 3.6. The Essence of Socioeconomic Reforms in Russia’s Transition Period 58 3.7. Cutting the Budget Deficit 60 II Macroeconomic Processes and Economic Policy of Postcommunist Russia—Main Stages 63 4 General Macroeconomic Problems of the Postsocialist Transition in Russia 65 Sergei Sinelnikov-Murylev and Georgy Trofimov 4.1. Financial Relations and Their Place in the Analysis of the Transition Economy 65 4.2. Predeterminacy of Economic Reforms in Russia 66 4.3. Price Liberalization: A ‘‘Shock’’ in the System of Gradual Reforms 68 4.4. Political Restrictions and Delayed Stabilization 72 4.5. An Unorthodox Version of Orthodox Stabilization 74 4.6. The Fiscal Crisis 79 4.7. Conditions and Factors of Economic Growth 85 5 Macroeconomic Stabilization as a Sociopolitical Problem 89 Vladimir Mau 5.1. Delayed Stabilization 89 5.2. Consolidation of Opposing Factions: Inflationists versus Anti-inflationists 92 5.3. The Changing Balance of Forces 94 5.4. Constitutional Problems of Macroeconomic Stabilization 98 vi Contents 6 Problems of Macroeconomic Stabilization at the Stage of Economic Liberalization (1992) 105 Sergei Sinelnikov-Murylev and Georgy Trofimov 6.1. Tight Budgetary Policy and the Liquidation of Monetary Overhang 105 6.2. The Strengthening of Populism and Weakening of Fiscal Policy 107 6.3. Monetary Policy and Credit Policy in 1992 111 6.4. The Attempt to Change Fiscal Strategy in the Absence of Coordinated Government and Central Bank Actions 116 6.5. Reconstruction of the State’s Revenues and Expenditures 118 7 Formation of the Preconditions for Financial Stabilization 127 Sergei Sinelnikov-Murylev and Georgy Trofimov 7.1. Influence of Political Factors on State Finances 128 7.2. Monetary Policy and Credit Policy in 1993 131 7.3. Reduction of Budget Expenditures After the Constitutional Crisis of 1993 135 7.4. Reconstruction of the 1993 Budget 138 7.5. Slowing Fiscal Reforms: A ‘‘Moderately Tight’’ Policy 139 7.6. Some Peculiarities of the Budget Process of 1994 145 7.7. Reconstruction of the 1994 Budget 149 7.8. Toward a Tight Fiscal Policy 154 7.9. Monetary Policy and Credit Policy in 1994 155 8 Financial Stabilization in Russia 159 Vladimir Mau, Sergei Sinelnikov-Murylev, and Georgy Trofimov 8.1. Political Preconditions for Financial Stabilization 159 8.2. The Monetary Program for 1995 161 8.3. Budget Policy During Financial Stabilization 163 8.4. Tightening Monetary Policy and the Inertia of Inflation 170 8.5. The Role of the Exchange Rate in Achieving Stabilization 174 8.6. The Strengthening of the Real Ruble Exchange Rate 177 8.7. The Crisis on the Interbank Market 179 Contents vii 9 Macroeconomic Stabilization and the Political Process: The Year of the Presidential Elections 183 Vladimir Mau, Sergei Sinelnikov-Murylev, and Georgy Trofimov 9.1. Political Uncertainty and the Economy 183 9.2. Macroeconomic Problems of the 1996 Electoral Contest 185 9.3. Government Economic Policy in Conditions of Electoral Uncertainty 201 9.4. Economic Policy After the Presidential Election 207 9.5. The Phenomenon of Delayed Growth 220 10 Macroeconomic Stabilization and Fiscal Crisis 223 Sergei Arkhipov, Said Batkibekov, Sergei Drobyshevsky, Vladimir Mau, Sergei Sinelnikov-Murylev, and Alexei Uluykaev 10.1. The Political and Economic Situation: A New Window of Opportunity 223 10.2. The Main Areas of Government Activity and the Reaction of the Legislature 226 10.3. Government Finance 228 10.4. A Breakdown of the 1997 Budget 235 10.5. Monetary and Credit Policy 235 10.6. A New Threat to Reforms on the Rise 242 10.7. The Situation on the Currency and Stock Markets 244 11 The Crisis of the Russian Financial System: Key Factors, Economic Policies, and Initial Results 251 Sergei Arkhipov, Said Batkibekov, Sergei Drobyshevsky, Tatiana Drobyshevskaia, Vladimir Mau, Sergei Sinelnikov- Murylev, and Ilya Trounin 11.1. Evolution of the Russian Financial Crisis in 1997– 1998 251 11.2. Principal Factors Behind the 1998 Financial Crisis 262 11.3. The Economic and Political Fallout of the Financial Crisis 274 12 Financial Policy in 1999 309 Sergei Arkhipov, Said Batkibekov, Tatiana Drobyshevskaia, Sergei Drobyshevsky, Olga Izryadnova, Sergei Sinelnikov- Murylev, and Ilya Trounin 12.1. Balance of Payments, Monetary Policy, and Real Ruble Exchange Rate 311 12.2. Trends in the Real Sector of the Economy: Revival of Export-Generating and Import-Substituting Industries 330 12.3. The Budget 347 12.4. Social Effects of the Stabilization Policy 363 12.5. Medium-Term Limitations of the Economic Policy 366 13 The Fallout of Russia’s Financial Crisis on Its Neighbors 375 Marek Dabrowski 13.1. Overview 375 13.2. Fundamental Flaws of the Transformation Process in CIS Countries 377 13.3. The Shock in Foreign Trade and the Real Sector 380 13.4. Contagion Effect on Financial Markets 383 13.5. The Psychological Factor 385 13.6. Economic Implications of the Crisis 386 13.7. Summary and Conclusions 390 III Institutional Reforms in the Russian Economy 393 14 Privatization, Ownership Redistribution, and Formation of the Institutional Basis for Economic Reforms 395 Alexander Radygin 14.1. Ownership and Privatization: Preliminary Methodological Notes 395 14.2. Privatization Models in Transitional Economies: A Comparative Analysis 404 14.3. The Russian Privatization Model 412 14.4. Major Stages and Results of the Postprivatization Ownership Redistribution 429 15 Main Corporate Governance Mechanisms and Their Specific Features in Russia 461 Alexander Radygin and Natalia Shmeleva 15.1. Corporate Governance in a Transition Economy: Preliminary Methodological Notes 461 Contents ix 15.2. Internal Mechanisms 464 15.3. General Legislative Situation 468 15.4. The Corporate Securities Market 471 15.5. Bankruptcy Procedures 478 15.6. The Market of Corporate Control (Takeovers) 482 15.7. Existing Instruments of Corporate Governance in State- Owned Enterprises and Their Effectiveness 485 15.8. State-Owned Holdings and Financial-Industrial Groups 491 15.9. Conclusion: New Institutional Reform for Long-Term Economic Growth 504 16 Russian Banks in the Transition Period 511 Igor Doronin and Alexander Zakharov 16.1. The Emergence of the Contemporary Banking System in Russia 511 16.2. Concentration of Capital in the Banking Sector 515 16.3. The Functions of Russian Commercial Banks 519 16.4. Commercial Banks and the Real Sector of the Economy 521 16.5. Stability of the Russian Banking System 527 16.6. Monetary and Credit Instruments for Regulating Banks’ Liquidity 533 16.7. The Creation of a System for Regulating and Monitoring Bank Activities 537 17 Institutional Reforms in the Agro-Industrial Complex 543 Natalia Karlova, Irina Khramova, Eugenia Serova, and Tatiana Tikhonova 17.1. Reform of the Agricultural Sector and the Fundamental Aims 543 17.2. Institutional Reforms in Agriculture 546 17.3. Institutional Reforms in the Downstream Sector 556 17.4. Formation of an Agricultural Credit System 563 17.5. The System of State Support for Agriculture 574 17.6. Reform of Foreign Trade Regulation of the Agro-Industrial Complex 581 17.7. Conclusions 583 x Contents 18 Institutional Reforms in the Sociocultural Sphere 585 Irina Rozhdestvenskaya and Sergei Shishkin 18.1. The Need for Reform in Sociocultural Fields 585 18.2. The State and Special Interest Groups in the Sociocultural Sphere 587 18.3. The Switch from Free Care to Health Insurance: The Ideology and Aims of Health Reform 589 18.4. Practical Introduction of the New System to Finance the Health Sector 593 18.5. Institutional Changes in Education 599 18.6. Institutional Reforms in Cultural Institutions 602 18.7. Shadow Privatization in the Social Sphere 605 18.8. Commercialization of Sociocultural Institutions 607 18.9. Evolution of the Sociocultural Sectors in the Years of Reform 608 19 Reform in Housing and Public Utilities 617 Irina Starodubrovskaya 19.1. General Characteristics of Housing and Public Utilities in the Soviet Period 617 19.2. The Concept ofReform inHousing and Public Utilities 619 19.3. Results of the Reform in Housing and Utilities: 1994– 1997 622 19.4. A New Stage of Reform: 1997–1999 628 IV Real Sector of the Economy: Adaptation Problems 635 20 General Trends in the Real Sector in the Reform Period 637 Evgeni Gavrilenkov and Olga Izryadnova 20.1. Principal Development Tendencies and Factors of Economic Restructuring 637 20.2. Production and Use of the GDP 645 20.3. Restructuring the Real Sector of the Economy 656 20.4. Investment in the Period of Market Reforms 664 Contents xi 21 Development Specifics of Real Sector Industries 675 Yuri Bobylev and Eugenia Serova 22 International Business in the Period of Market Reforms 687 Natalia Leonova, Sergei Prikhodko, and Nadezhda Volovik 22.1. Liberalization of Foreign Trade: Results and Prospects 687 22.2. Consequences of the Policy of Foreign Trade Privileges and Preferences 698 22.3. Commodity Composition of Russia’s Foreign Trade 698 V The Social Price of Reforms 715 23 Certain Trends in the Evolution of the Labor Market 717 Alexander Smirnov 23.1. Forecasts That Went Wrong 717 23.2. Part-Time Employment: Objective Data and Subjective Interpretation 720 23.3. Registered Labor Market Indicators 722 23.4. Regional Labor Markets 724 23.5. Workforce Movement: Sectoral Aspects 725 23.6. Employment Policy Financing 733 24 Household Income in the Period of Economic Reforms 737 Igor Kolosnytsyn 24.1. Socioeconomic Differentiation of the Population in Russia, 1992 Through 1999 737 24.2. Poverty Line Changes 742 24.3. Impact of Inflation on Nominal Assets of Households; Inflation and Poverty 747 24.4. Postscript 750 VI Economic Reform and Public Opinion Dynamics 753 25 Key Trends in the Population’s Attitudes Toward Market Reforms 755 Tatiana Koval 25.1. On the Threshold of Reforms 755 xii Contents 25.2. The First Stage of Economic Transformation 756 25.3. Privatization and Private Property in Russians’ Eyes 761 25.4. Evolution in Attitudes Toward the Economic Reform and Government (1993–1997) 769 26 Some Conclusions 789 Yuri Bobylev, Revold Entov, Olga Izryadnova, Vladimir Mau, Sergei Prikhodko, Alexander Radygin, Eugenia Serova, Sergei Sinelnikov-Murylev, and Sergei Tsukhlo 26.1. Russia’s Economic Policy at the Beginning of the New Phase of Economic Reforms 789 26.2. Russia’s Economic Development in the Year 2000: Major Outcomes 808 Appendix I Modeling Inflation Dynamics, 1992 Through 1998 839 Sergei Drobyshevsky Appendix II Arrears: A Macroeconomic Analysis 855 Oleg Lugovoy II.1. Macroeconomic Model of Arrears 855 II.2. Empirical Testing of the Hypotheses 858 II.3. Growth Rates of the Money Supply 863 II.4. Stability of Coefficients and Forecast Qualities of the Model 869 II.5. Elasticities 875 II.6. Money Supply and Arrears: An Analysis Using Distributed Lags 876 II.7. Conclusions 878 Appendix III Modeling Tax Revenues and the Tax Liabilities of Russian Taxpayers, 1992 Through 1998 881 Pavel Kadotchnikov and Sergei Sinelnikov-Murylev III.1. Key Factors Determining Tax Liability Dynamics 881 III.2. Modeling Aggregate Tax Revenues, Taking Into Account the Specifics of Major Tax Payments 903 III.3. Conclusions 907 Contents xiii Appendix IV Monetary Policy and the Expectations Hypothesis on the Russian Government Bond Market 911 Sergei Drobyshevsky IV.1. The Data for the Study 913 IV.2. Analyzing the Properties of GKO Rate Time Series 916 IV.3. Monetary Policy Shocks and the Term Structure of GKO Yields 928 IV.4. Testing Hypotheses About the Term Structure of GKO Rates 943 IV.5. Conclusions 955 Appendix V Leading Indicators of the Russian Currency Crisis in August 1998 959 Sergei Drobyshevsky Statistical Appendix 973 Name Index 1001 Subject Index 1008</li></div>

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关键词：Transition Economics Economic Russian econom understand 俄罗斯 accounts English 经济学

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