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【文件格式】：PDF
【页数】：72
【目录或简介】
1 Introduction 4
Overview of shale gas life cycle activities 8
1.1 Shale resources outside the United States 9
In Focus: Shale developments in Argentina, China, Poland and South Africa 12
2 Water regulation 18
2.1 Regulatory history and the current landscape 19
2.2 Federal efforts to support regulatory consistency 21
2.3 Key trends 22
In Focus: Water regulation in Argentina, China, Poland and South Africa 23
3 Water management 26
3.1 Water use and production 27
Comparison: Managing produced water: unconventional vs. conventional 30
3.2 Water management options 31
Primer: Water treatment technologies 33
3.3 Key trends 34
In Focus: Water use/management in Argentina, China, Poland and South Africa 35
4 Water movements 42
4.1 Shale gas development life cycle: logistics requirements 43
4.2 Significance of water transportation 45
4.3 Rising to the water transportation challenge 45
4.4 Key trends 46
In Focus: Water movements in Argentina, China, Poland and South Africa 47
Concept Overview: Basin-wide water logistics management model 49
5 Lessons learned for new shale developments 52
In Focus: Implications for Argentina, China, Poland and South Africa 57
6 Implications for operators 60
Overview of the challenges in the shale gas lifecycle 63
Water and Shale Gas Development.pdf
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