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英文文献：The Comparative Economics of ICT, Environmental Degradation and Inclusive Human Development in Sub-Saharan Africa-撒哈拉以南非洲ICT、环境退化和包容性人类发展的比较经济学
英文文献作者：Simplice Asongu,Jacinta C. Nwachukwu,Chris Pyke
英文文献摘要：
This study examines how information and communication technology (ICT) could be employed to dampen the potentially damaging effects of environmental degradation in order to promote inclusive human development in a panel of 44 Sub-Saharan African countries. ICT is captured with internet and mobile phone penetration rates whereas environmental degradation is measured in terms of CO2 emissions per capita and CO2 intensity. The empirical evidence is based on Fixed Effects and Tobit regressions using data from 2000-2012. In order to increase the policy relevance of this study, the dataset is decomposed into fundamental characteristics of inclusive development and environmental degradation based on income levels (Low income versus (vs.) Middle income); legal origins (English Common law vs. French Civil law); religious domination (Christianity vs. Islam); openness to sea (Landlocked vs. Coastal); resource-wealth (Oil-rich vs. Oil-poor) and political stability (Stable vs. Unstable). Baseline findings broadly show that improvement in both of measures of ICT would significantly diminish the possibly harmful effect of CO2 emissions on inclusive human development. When the analysis is extended with the abovementioned fundamental characteristics, we observe that the moderating influence of both our ICT variables on CO2 emissions is higher in the group of English Common law, Middle income and Oil-wealthy countries than in the French Civil law, Low income countries and Oil-poor countries respectively. Theoretical and practical policy implications are discussed.
本研究探讨了如何利用信息和通信技术来抑制环境退化的潜在破坏性影响，以促进44个撒哈拉以南非洲国家的包容性人类发展。ICT通过互联网和移动电话普及率来衡量，而环境退化则通过人均二氧化碳排放量和二氧化碳强度来衡量。经验证据基于固定效应和使用2000-2012年数据的Tobit回归。为了提高这项研究的政策相关性，根据收入水平(低收入与中等收入)，将数据集分解为包容性发展和环境退化的基本特征;法律渊源(英国普通法与法国民法);宗教统治(基督教对伊斯兰教);对海洋的开放程度(内陆与沿海);资源丰富(富油vs穷油)和政治稳定(稳定vs不稳定)。基线调查结果广泛表明，改进信通技术的这两项措施将显著减少二氧化碳排放对包容性人类发展可能产生的有害影响。扩展与上述基本特征分析时,我们观察到缓和我们的ICT变量对二氧化碳排放的影响较高的英国普通法,中等收入国家和法国民法Oil-wealthy国家比在低收入国家和石油贫瘠的国家。讨论了理论和实际的政策含义。
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