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英文文献：Are farmers profit efficient? Evidence from groundnut farmers in Malawi-农民的利润效率高吗?证据来自马拉维的落花生农民
英文文献作者：Bocher, Temesgen,Simtowe, Franklin
英文文献摘要：
Groundnut growing is one of the major farming activities in Malawi, however, the extent of efficiency among the farming community has not been fully explored. This study analyzes the direct production efficiency by considering profit efficiency associated with groundnut production using stochastic profit frontier function and the inefficiency effect model specification. The results indicate that the profit efficiency in groundnut production ranges from 1% to 89% (mean of 45%). The relationship between efficiency and both farm and institutional characteristics was found to be significant. Efficiency appeared to be positively associated with farmer’s access to extension services (t=2.10), household size (t=1.78) and soil fertility (t=3.56), but associated negatively with distance to market (t=6.30) and size of land allocated to groundnut production (t=5.33). The implication of the results is that there is scope for increasing the production of groundnuts by about 50% by improving the access to extension, market and improving farm management.
花生种植是马拉维的主要农业活动之一，然而，农业社区的效率程度尚未得到充分探索。摘要利用随机利润前沿函数和无效率效应模型规范，考虑了与花生生产相关的利润效率，分析了花生直接生产效率。结果表明，花生生产的利润效率为1% ~ 89%，平均为45%。效率与农场和制度特征之间的关系被发现是显著的。效率似乎与农民获得推广服务的机会(t=2.10)、家庭规模(t=1.78)和土壤肥力(t=3.56)呈正相关，但与市场距离(t=6.30)和分配给花生生产的土地规模(t=5.33)呈负相关。这一结果的含义是，通过改善推广、市场准入和改善农场管理，花生的产量有可能增加约50%。
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