微观经济学总可变成本

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初学者，我觉得，除了固定成本外，每个产品对于可变成本的需求都是一样的，比如生产一个轿车需要5单位原材料，那么生产两个轿车就需要10单位的原材料。也就是说平均可变成本为一天水平线。求解。

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关键词：微观经济学 微观经济 可变成本 经济学 平均可变成本 经济学 原材料 初学者 水平线 成本

771909973 发表于 2015-12-5 14:35
初学者，我觉得，除了固定成本外，每个产品对于可变成本的需求都是一样的，比如生产一个轿车需要5单位原材料 ...

但是书上给的数据显示，每个单位的产品需要可变成本是不一样的，是先变小再变大的规律。与我想的不一样奥。

这个问题问的很好，在范里安的《微观经济学：现代观点》第21章 成本曲线那一章 有详细的解释！

start at a zero level of output and consider producing one unit.then the average variable cost at y＝1 is just the variable cost of producing this one unit.now increasing the level of production to 2 units.we would expect that,at worst,variable costs would double，so that average variable costs would remain constant.if we can organize production in a more efficient way as the scale of output is increased，the average variable costs might even decrease initially.but eventually we would expect the average variable costs to  rise.why？if fixed factors are present，they will eventually constrain the production process.

943689135 发表于 2015-12-5 21:10
start at a zero level of output and consider producing one unit.then the average variable cost at y＝ ...

Thank you for your interpertation about average variable costs.I will search that book in library.Indeed,I still have another confusions about microecononic.After all,I am a beginner.

943689135 发表于 2015-12-5 21:10
start at a zero level of output and consider producing one unit.then the average variable cost at y＝ ...

You said,the important point is efficiency.I consider this ponit and think raw material still can not be decreased,but cost of labors can be  declined.The efficiency of workers higher,the average costs of a production lower,or we can say,the paymemt of worker for one production is lower .Right?

其实要分析可变成本为什么是先上凸后下凸，只需分析总成本为什么是先上凸后下凸即可，因为两者只差一个固定成本。而分析总成本的凹凸性其实就是分析为什么边际成本是先单调减后单调增的，这个我想对lz来说就不难理解了吧？

771909973 发表于 2015-12-5 23:59
You said,the important point is efficiency.I consider this ponit and think raw material still can  ...

I think the raw materials also can be decreased. For example, if producing one unit good needs 1/2 of certain raw material, when producing the second unit good, we need not buy the raw material one more .