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【2014】Equality and Opportunity
Book 图书名称：Equality and Opportunity
Author 作者： Shlomi Segall
Publisher 出版社： Oxford University Press
Page 页数：234
Publishing Date 出版时间： Jan 21, 2014
Language 语言： English
Size 大小： 1 MB
Format 格式： pdf 文字版
ISBN:n/a
Edition: 第1版 搜索过论坛，没有该文档
Egalitarians have traditionally been suspicious of equality of opportunity. But the past twenty five years or so have seen a sea-change in egalitarian thinking about that concept. 'Luck egalitarians' such as G. A. Cohen, Richard Arneson, and John Roemer have paved a new way of thinking about equality of opportunity, and infused it with radical egalitarian content. In this book, Shlomi Segall brings together these developments in egalitarian theory and offers a comprehensive account of 'radical equality of opportunity'.
Radical equality of opportunity (EOp) differs from more traditional conceptions on several dimensions. Most notably, while other accounts of equality of opportunity strive to neutralize legal and/or socio-economic obstacles to one's opportunity-set the radical account seeks to remove also natural ones. Radical EOp, then, aims at neutralizing all obstacles that lie outside individuals' control. This has far-reaching implications, and the book is devoted to exploring and defending them.
The book touches on four main themes. First, it locates the ideal of radical EOp within egalitarian distributive justice. Segall advances there three claims in particular: that we ought to be concerned with equality in individual holdings (rather than merely social relations); that we ought to be bothered, as egalitarians, with unequal outcomes, and never equal ones; and that we ought to be concerned with disadvantages the absolute (rather than relative) badness of which, the agent could not have controlled. Second, the book applies the concept of radical equality of opportunity to office and hiring. It demonstrates that radical EOp yields an attractive account both with regard to justice in the allocation of jobs on the one hand, and discrimination, on the other. Third, the book offers an account of radical EOp in education and upbringing. Segall tries to defend there the rather radical implications of the account, namely that it may hold children responsible for their choices, and that it places quite demanding requirements on parents. Finally, the book develops an account of radical equality of opportunity for health, to rival Norman Daniels's Rawlsian account. The proposed account is distinguished in the parity that it creates between social and natural causes of ill health.
== Table of contents ==
Preface
Introduction
Part I. Radical Equality of Opportunity
1: Why Equality?
2: Equality of Outcome
3: Inequality of Risks
Part II - Hiring
4: Luck Egalitarian Justice in Hiring
5: Discrimination without Inequality?
Part III - Upbringing
6: Against Equality of Opportunity in Education?
7: If you're a Luck-Egalitarian, How Come You Read Bedtime Stories to Your Children?
Part IV - Health
8: Equality of Opportunity for Health
9: Affirmative Action in Health
References
Index
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