请教有关GDP的计算问题

实际上只要是生产出来的面包首先都要计入GDP，因为他们一开始都是一出售给消费者为目的的，所以我觉得这道题目考的是“是否有重复计算”这个问题，如果再把1、3的情况计算一次那就是重复计算GDP了，而对2的情况应该要先把这部分产品从面包厂商的GDP中扣除，然后再加进企业所有者的GDP，虽然算出来的GDP总量和以前一样，不过GDP的提供者已经不同了。

不知道这样的解释如何，希望没钻牛角尖……

按招楼上说的,就应该是1,3记入了而2没记入...和答案正好相反啊

以下是引用xiaomuzi在2005-10-5 18:59:20的发言： 按招楼上说的,就应该是1,3记入了而2没记入...和答案正好相反啊

不是的，我想你理解错我的意思了，可能是我说得不够清楚

最终消费的产品才进入GDP的计算中

以下是引用baiyufeng在2005-10-2 16:37:36的发言：

在曼昆的书中有这样一个例子，如果企业生产了过量的面包

1.面包放坏

2.面包由企业所有者购买

3.在市场上出售

只有第二种应该记入GDP，小的不懂，望诸位帮忙解释。

第一条第二条应该没问题，前者不创造价值，后者记入存货投资。

至于第三条，我也老半天不明白，干脆在论坛里找到曼昆那本书，翻到你说的那段话，才发现你理解错了无心的误导了大家，呵呵。

原文引用如下：

The Treatment of Inventories Imagine that a bakery hires workers to produce more bread, pays their wages, and then fails to sell the additional bread. How does this transaction affect GDP? The answer depends on what happens to the unsold bread. Let’s first suppose that the bread spoils. In this case, the firm has paid more in wages but has not received any additional revenue, so the firm’s profit is reduced by the amount that wages are increased.Total expenditure in the economy hasn’t changed because no one buys the bread.Total income hasn’t changed either—although more is distributed as wages and less as profit. Because the transaction affects neither expenditure nor income, it does not alter GDP. Now suppose, instead, that the bread is put into inventory to be sold later. In this case, the transaction is treated differently. The owners of the firm are assumed to have “purchased’’ the bread for the firm’s inventory, and the firm’s profit is not reduced by the additional wages it has paid. Because the higher wages raise total income, and greater spending on inventory raises total expenditure, the economy’s GDP rises. What happens later when the firm sells the bread out of inventory? This case is much like the sale of a used good.There is spending by bread consumers, but there is inventory disinvestment by the firm.This negative spending by the firm offsets the positive spending by consumers, so the sale out of inventory does not affect GDP.

并不是不计入GDP

也就是说他意思是进入存货投资后的那块面包再卖出去

而是此时消费增加（买面包），存货自然减少（卖出去），两者相抵消，

从而存货的卖出对GDP不产生影响而不是不计入GDP，

不知这样回答是否满意，呵呵。

感觉分析很对了!

我觉得第三种情况投入市场后会导致价格下降，下降的价格和过量的面保数量的乘积等于原来不过量是的GDP

所以应该不变

提醒楼上的朋友 你陷入了微观经济学的陷阱

我的简单理解：解析存货再售

在市场上买掉在本期GDP是不可能的，有效的需求决定供给，供给大于需求，多余的部分应该只会是本年的存货且在下一年被卖掉。也许你会说那是这一年生产的啊！可是别忘了，在存货中我们已经计算了一次。如果再加进这个，就重复计算了。