1、which one of the following is a factor of production?
A. the profits made by firms
B. land owned or rented by firms
C. money held by firms in bank accounts
D. the productivity of labour
答案是B,但为什么不能是其他选项呢?
影响产出的因素,因此答案是B。A公司利润跟产出无关,是产出的结果;C,公司账上的现金未变成生产资金,无关,D,劳动生产率在短期间是不会变化的。
2.the price of cocoa more than doubled over an 18-month period as a result of increased buying on world markets. such a development in the cocoa market could be shown on a supply and demand diagram by
A.a movement along the demand curve to the left
B.a movement along the demand curve to the right
C.a shift of the demand curve to the right
D.a shift of the demand curve to the left
答案是C,有两个疑问:第一,商品价格上涨,需求曲线不该是向左移动吗?为什么是右?
第二,B和C选项表述上有什么不同?
第一:题述中,是因为需求量增大导致了价格上升。这经历了需求曲线的平移即再平衡的过程。需求上升,导致价格上升,进而总供给增加,重新达到新的平衡。所以现在和18个月前的需求曲线是两根,不是一根。
第二、B的意思是在同一根需求曲线上移动,V是整根需求曲线的平移(向右移动)
3.the role of prices in a market economy is to
A. allocate scarce resources
B. provide a mechanism for firms to make profits
C. improve the distribution of income
D. determine the elasticity of demand curves
答案是A,不是很明白问题和答案的意思
问的是价格在市场经济中的核心作用,A是配置稀缺资源的意思。


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