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英文文献：High-value supply chains, food standards and poor farmers in developing countries: the case of vegetable exports from Senegal-发展中国家的高价值供应链、食品标准和贫穷农民:塞内加尔蔬菜出口的情况
英文文献作者：Maertens, Miet
英文文献摘要：
This paper studies the welfare effects of high-value FFV exports from Senegal to the EU. We analyze how the structure of the export supply chain has changed in response to tightening food standards and investigate the impact for the local population. The study yields four important findings. First, we find that public and private food standards in the EU have lead to increased consolidation and increased vertical coordination in the FFV supply chain with a shift away from smallholder contract-based production to integrated estate production. Second, these structural changes have increased the participation of rural households, and especially poorer households, in the supply chains through wage employment on FFV estates. Third, we find that household participation in FFV export production, whether through contract-farming or through estate wage employment, generates significant income gains. Fourth, high-value FFV trade has a major impact on rural poverty-reduction and the increasing prevalence of food standards is even enhancing this impact.
本文研究了塞内加尔对欧盟高价值FFV出口的福利效应。我们分析出口供应链的结构如何改变，以回应收紧的食品标准，并调查对当地人口的影响。这项研究得出了四个重要的结论。首先，我们发现，欧盟的公共和私人食品标准导致FFV供应链的整合和纵向协调增加，从以小农合同为基础的生产向综合地产生产转变。其次，这些结构性变化通过对可再生能源屋的有偿就业，增加了农村家庭，特别是贫困家庭对供应链的参与。第三，我们发现家庭参与FFV出口生产，无论是通过承包经营还是通过房地产工资就业，都能产生显著的收入收益。第四，高价值的FFV贸易对减少农村贫困有重大影响，食品标准的日益普及甚至增强了这种影响。
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