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作者简介L. T. Hobhouse's Liberalism ( 1911), which has acquired the status of a modemclassic, is the most enduring statement of the political principles~which animatedBritish liberal social reformers in the early years of the twentieth century. Whilewritten in a popular style, it is actually a theoretical work of some subtlety,combining an historical analysis of the evolution of liberal doctrine with aphilosophical discussion of the character of liberal belief, and proposing areformulation of liberalism which emphasizes community, individual welfarefights, and an activist state.Students of public policy will find a text advocating measures that later becamecentral to the modem welfare state; students of ideology will discover anambitious attempt to adapt traditional liberal beliet to new circumstances; andcontemporary political theorists will apprehend a liberal variant which contrastssharply with the individualist, value-neutral' forms of liberalism which havebeen popular in recent decades.This new edition of Liberalism includes a number of Hobhouse's other writingsfrom the same period, which help to define its place in the development of hispolitical philosophy.
目录
Acknowledgements
Introduction
Principal vevnts in the life of L .T.Hobhouse
Further reading
Biographical notes
Liberalism
Chapter I Before Liberalism
Chapter II The Elements of Liberalism
1.Civil Liberty
2.Fiscal Liberty
3.Perrsonal Liberty
4.Social Liberty
5.Economic liberty
6.Domestic Liberty
7.Local,Racial,and National Liberty
8.International Liberty
9.Political Liberty and Popular Sovereignty
chapter III The Movement of Theory
Chapter IV ‘ Laissez-faire’
Chapter V Gladstone and Mill
Chapter VI THe Heart of Liberalism
Chapter VII The State and the Individual
Chapter VIII Economic Liberalism
Chapter IX The Future of Liberalism
Other Writings
Govemment by the People
The Growth of the state
The Individual and the State
Irish Nationalism and Liberal Principle
The Historical Evolution of Property,in Fact and in Idea
Index
……
文摘The modem State is the distinctive product of a unique civilization.But it is a product which is still in the making, and a part of theprocess is a struggle between new and old principles of social order.To understand the new, which is our main purpose, we must firstcast a glance at the old. We must understand what the social structurewas, which - mainly, as I shall show, under the inspiration of Liberalideas - is slowly but surely giving place to the new fabric of the civicState. The older structure itself was by no means primitive. What istruly primitive is very hard to say. But one thing is pretty clear. Atall times men have lived in societies, and ties of kinship and of simpleneighbourhood underlie every form of social organization. In thesimplest societies it seems probable that these ties - reinforced andextended, perhaps, by religious or other beliefs - are the only onesthat seriously count. It is certain that of the warp of descent and thewoof of intermarriage there is woven a tissue out of which small andrude but close and compact communities are formed. But the ties ofkinship and neighbourhood are effective only within narrow limits.While the local group, the clan, or the village community are often the centres of vigorous life, the larger aggregate of the Tribe seldom attains true social and political unity unless it rests upon a military organization. But military organization may serve not only to hold one tribe together but also to hold other tribes in subjection, and thereby, at the cost of much that is most valuable in primitive life, to establish a larger and at the same time a more orderly society. Such an order once established does not, indeed, rest on naked force. The rulers become invested with a sacrosanct authority.
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