The Effects of Driving Restrictions on Air Quality: S?o Paulo, Bogotá, Beij...

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英文文献：The Effects of Driving Restrictions on Air Quality: S?o Paulo, Bogotá, Beijing, and Tianjin-驾驶限制对空气质量的影响:圣保罗、波哥大、北京和天津
英文文献作者：Lin, C.-Y. Cynthia,Zhang, Wei,Umanskaya, Victoria I.
英文文献摘要：
In a typical driving restriction, vehicle use is restricted based on the vehicle’s license plate; one cannot drive vehicles with certain license plate numbers on certain days. Driving restrictions have been used as a method to reduce urban air pollution or traffic congestion because they are easy and inexpensive to implement. We investigate whether driving restrictions introduced in S?o Paulo, Bogotá, Beijing and Tianjin have improved air quality. Across different versions of the driving restrictions there is no evidence that the overall air quality at different places has been improved. However, several important results show up in this extensive analysis. Temporal shifting of driving is likely to appear when the restrictions are only effective during certain hours of weekdays. Driving restrictions could potentially reduce the extreme concentrations of air pollutants. Driving restrictions can only be expected to alleviate air pollution when implemented with an extended schedule or in an extended region. The effects of the driving restrictions are primarily on the concentrations of CO and PM10.

在典型的驾驶限制中，根据车辆的牌照限制车辆的使用;人们不能在特定的日子里驾驶特定车牌号码的车辆。驾驶限制被用作减少城市空气污染或交通拥堵的一种方法，因为它们实施起来容易且成本不高。我们调查了在圣保罗、波哥大、北京和天津实施的驾驶限制是否改善了空气质量。在不同版本的驾驶限制中，没有证据表明不同地方的整体空气质量有所改善。然而，在这个广泛的分析中出现了几个重要的结果。当限令只在工作日的某些时段生效时，可能会出现暂时的驾驶转换。驾驶限制有可能降低空气污染物的极端浓度。只有在延长时间或在扩展区域实施驾驶限制，才可预期减轻空气污染。驾驶限制的影响主要是CO和PM10的浓度。

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