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英文文献：Effects of carbon-based border tax adjustments on carbon leakage and competitiveness in livestock sectors-以碳为基础的边境税调整对畜牧业碳泄漏和竞争力的影响
英文文献作者：Irfanoglu, Zeynep Burcu,Golub, Alla A.,Hertel, Thomas W.,Henderson, Benjamin B.
英文文献摘要：
Given the likely absence of a “top-down” global agreement after the 2012 expiry of the Kyoto Protocol, many countries (or groups of countries) may only be prepared to introduce a price on GHG emissions if they can maintain the competitiveness of their domestic sectors and prevent leakage effects associated with the expansion of unregulated sectors in other countries. One means of achieving this is through border tax adjustments (BTAs). Most of the studies to date have focused on BTAs in the context of CO2 combustion emissions from manufacturing sectors. Agricultural sectors, on the other hand, account for a large share of the hitherto underemphasized non-CO2 emissions. By drawing on recent research into non- CO2 emissions and abatement possibilities in the global agriculture and livestock sectors, this paper seeks to complement and extend the existing literature on BTAs. To do this, the paper uses the global computable general equilibrium model GTAP-AEZ-GHG. The analysis shows that BTAs are helpful in controlling loss of competitiveness and emissions leakage in livestock sectors. The study also assesses effect of BTAs on emissions leakage in other sectors and relationship between effectiveness of BTAs and coalition size.
考虑到可能缺乏“自上而下”的全球协议《京都议定书》2012年到期之后,许多国家(或国家集团)可能只是准备介绍给温室气体排放定价,如果他们能保持国内行业的竞争力,防止渗漏的影响与在其他国家的扩张不受监管的行业。实现这一目标的方法之一是通过边境税调整(BTAs)。迄今为止，大多数研究都集中在制造业二氧化碳燃烧排放方面的BTAs上。另一方面，农业部门在迄今未得到重视的非二氧化碳排放中占很大比例。通过借鉴最近对全球农业和畜牧业部门非二氧化碳排放和减少可能性的研究，本文试图补充和扩展现有的关于BTAs的文献。为此，本文采用了GTAP-AEZ-GHG全局可计算一般均衡模型。分析表明，BTAs有助于控制畜牧业竞争力的丧失和排放的泄漏。本研究还评估了bta对其他部门排放泄漏的影响，以及bta有效性与联盟规模之间的关系。
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