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雷达卡
摘要翻译：
布朗马达是一种纳米级或分子设备，它结合了热噪声、空间或时间不对称性和无定向输入能量的影响来驱动定向运动。由于输入能量，布朗马达偏离热力学平衡，线性响应理论、涨落耗散关系和详细平衡等概念不适用。然而，{\em广义}涨落-耗散关系表明，即使在热力学强非平衡条件下，跃迁发生的概率与跃迁时间反转的概率之比也是跃迁引起的系统内能变化的指数。在这里，我们导出了布朗马达的广义涨落耗散定理的一个推广，即马达向前一步的概率与向后一步的概率之比。
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英文标题：
《Symmetry Relations for Trajectories of a Brownian Motor》
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作者：
R. Dean Astumian
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最新提交年份：
2007
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分类信息：
一级分类：Physics 物理学
二级分类：Statistical Mechanics 统计力学
分类描述：Phase transitions, thermodynamics, field theory, non-equilibrium phenomena, renormalization group and scaling, integrable models, turbulence
相变，热力学，场论，非平衡现象，重整化群和标度，可积模型，湍流
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一级分类：Physics 物理学
二级分类：Soft Condensed Matter 软凝聚态物质
分类描述：Membranes, polymers, liquid crystals, glasses, colloids, granular matter
膜，聚合物，液晶，玻璃，胶体，颗粒物质
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英文摘要：
A Brownian Motor is a nanoscale or molecular device that combines the effects of thermal noise, spatial or temporal asymmetry, and directionless input energy to drive directed motion. Because of the input energy, Brownian motors function away from thermodynamic equilibrium and concepts such as linear response theory, fluctuation dissipation relations, and detailed balance do not apply. The {\em generalized} fluctuation-dissipation relation, however, states that even under strongly thermodynamically non-equilibrium conditions the ratio of the probability of a transition to the probability of the time-reverse of that transition is the exponent of the change in the internal energy of the system due to the transition. Here, we derive an extension of the generalized fluctuation dissipation theorem for a Brownian motor for the ratio between the probability for the motor to take a forward step and the probability to take a backward step.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/705.0138
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