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感觉在金融危机的背景下,还是搞宏观的Romer或者研究市场非理性的Shiller得奖的可能性大点。
但是,我还是要投给Fama,老人家也到岁数了
He earned his undergraduate degree in French from Tufts University in 1960 and his M.B.A. and Ph.D. from the Booth School of Business at the University of Chicago in economics and finance. His doctoral supervisors were Merton Miller and Harry Roberts, but Benoit Mandelbrot was also an important influence.[1] He has spent all of his teaching career at the University of Chicago.
His Ph.D. thesis, which concluded that stock price movements are unpredictable and follow a random walk, was published in January, 1965 issue of the Journal of Business, entitled "The Behavior of Stock Market Prices". That work was subsequently rewritten into a less technical article, "Random Walks In Stock Market Prices",[2] which was published in the Financial Analysts Journal in 1965 and Institutional Investor in 1968.
His article "The Adjustment of Stock Prices to New Information" in the International Economic Review, 1969 (with several co-authors) was the first event study that sought to analyze how stock prices respond to an event, using price data from the newly available CRSP database. This was the first of literally hundreds of such published studies.
Efficient market hypothesis
Main article: efficient market hypothesis
Fama is most often thought of as the father of efficient market hypothesis, beginning with his Ph.D. thesis. In a ground-breaking article in the May, 1970 issue of the Journal of Finance, entitled "Efficient Capital Markets: A Review of Theory and Empirical Work," Fama proposed two crucial concepts that have defined the conversation on efficient markets ever since. First, Fama proposed three types of efficiency: (i) strong-form; (ii) semi-strong form; and (iii) weak efficiency. They are explained in the context of what information are factored in price. In weak form efficiency the information set is just historical prices, which can be predicted from historical price trend; thus, it is impossible to profit from it. Semi-strong form requires that all public information is reflected in prices already, such as companies' announcements or annual earnings figures. Finally, the strong-form concerns all information, including private information are incorporated in price; it states no monopolistic information can entail profits, in other words, insider trading cannot make a profit in the strong-form market efficiency world. Second, Fama demonstrated that the notion of market efficiency could not be rejected without an accompanying rejection of the model of market equilibrium (e.g. the price setting mechanism). This concept, known as the "joint hypothesis problem," has ever since vexed researchers. Market efficiency denotes how information is factored in price, Fama (1970) emphasizes that the hypothesis of market efficiency must be tested in the context of expected returns. The Joint hypothesis problem states that when a model yields a return significantly different from the actual return, one can never be certain if there exists an imperfection in the model or if the market is inefficient. Researchers can only modify their models by adding different factors to eliminate any anomalies, in hopes of fully explaining the return within the model. The anomaly, also known as alpha in the modeling test, thus functions as a signal to the model maker whether it can perfectly predicts return by the factors in the model. However, as long as there exist an alpha, neither the conclusion of a flaw model nor market inefficiency can be drawn according to the Joint Hypothesis. Fama (1991) also stressed that market efficiency per se is not testable but to be tested jointly with some model of equilibrium, i.e. an asset-pricing model.
Fama-French three-factor model
Main article: Fama-French three-factor model
In recent years, Fama has become controversial again, for a series of papers, co-written with Kenneth French, that cast doubt on the validity of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), which posits that a stock's beta alone should explain its average return. These papers describe two factors above and beyond a stock's market beta which can explain differences in stock returns: market capitalization and "value". They also offer evidence that a variety of patterns in average returns, often labeled as "anomalies" in past work, can be explained with their 3 factor model.
Other work
Additionally, Fama co-authored the textbook The Theory of Finance with Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics winner Merton H. Miller. He is also the director of research of Dimensional Fund Advisors, Inc., an investment advising firm with $187 billion under management (as of 2010). One of his children, Eugene F. Fama Jr., is a vice president of the company.
In addition, Fama co-authored "Risk, Return, and Equilibrium: Empirical Tests" with James D. Macbeth, which describes the now widely used Fama-Macbeth two-stage regression used to price risk premia of factors.
Awards
In 2005, Fama was the first winner of the newly established Deutsche Bank Prize in Financial Economics.
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